A Study on the Characteristics of Cooling Heat Transfer for Carbon Black from Waste Tire Pyrolysis Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (07) ◽  
pp. 601-607
Author(s):  
Hoon Chae Park ◽  
Myung Kyu Choi ◽  
Hang Seok Choi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Waste Tire

Thermal Characteristics of the Waste Tire Pyrolysis Process

Vestnik MEI ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Stanislav K. Popov ◽  
◽  
Vyacheslav D. Vaniushkin ◽  
Ernest A. Serilkov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Balance ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Coke Residue ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Balance Structure

A significant annual growth in the number of spent car tires creates a serious environmental problem and calls for the need to continue searching for efficient resource-saving methods of their recycling. There is a growing number of efforts aimed at studying waste tire thermochemical conversion processes, including their pyrolysis to obtain valuable products, including a solid fraction (coke residue), liquid hydrocarbon fraction (pyrolysis oil), and noncondensable gaseous fraction (pyrolysis gas). Commercial and pilot pyrolysis plants and reactors are reviewed. A rotating drum reactor, shaft and screw reactors are the most promising solutions for implementing a continuous process. The development of new resource-saving solutions for the pyrolysis of waste tire requires knowledge of the thermal characteristics of this process, including information on the material and heat flows in the pyrolysis reactor. The composition and thermal properties of waste tire, as well as specific outputs, composition and fuel properties of pyrolysis product material flows, including pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil and coke residue, are presented. Information on the pyrolysis plant or reactor heat balance structure is either absent or incomplete. Based on the data available in the literature, the heat balance of a commercial pyrolysis plant equipped with screw reactors characterized by a specific thermal destruction heat of 0.640 MJ/(kg of tires) is drawn up and studied. The numerical analysis results correlate with the data published for the commercial-grade plant. Information on the pyrolysis chamber heat balance structure is correct enough for use in engineering practice. It has been found that the specific heat consumption for the pyrolysis process is 2.269 MJ/(kg of tires). This value can be used in numerically analyzing pyrolysis plants equipped with other designs of pyrolysis reactors.

scholarly journals STUDY ON THE PROPERTIES AND USE OF THE RECOVERED CARBON BLACK FROM WASTE TIRE PYROLYSIS CHAR.

1978 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 823-829
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki HIRATA ◽  
Tadashi YOKOYAMA ◽  
Tooru SHIKADA ◽  
Kimio INOUE ◽  
Tamiharu SAKAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Waste Tire

A Numerical Study of Fast Pyrolysis of Beetle Killed Pine Trees

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Danaei Kenarsari ◽  
Yuan Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Kinetics Model ◽  
Unsteady State ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Conservation Equations ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Secondary Reactions

Since 1990s, as a result of unprecedented drought and warm winters, mountain pine beetles have devastated mature pine trees in the forests of western North America from Mexico to Canada. Especially, in the State of Wyoming, there are more than 1 million acres of dead forest now. These beetle killed trees are a source of wildfire and if left unharvested will decay and release carbon back to the atmosphere. Fast pyrolysis is a promising method to transfer the beetle killed pine trees into bio-oils. In the present study, an unsteady state mathematical model is developed to simulate the fast pyrolysis process, which converts solid pine wood pellets into char (solid), bio-oils (liquid) and gaseous products in the absence of oxidizer in a temperature range from 500°C to 1000°C within short residence time. The main goal of the study is to advance the understanding of kinetics and convective and radiative heat transfer in biomass fast pyrolysis process. Conservation equations of total mass, species, momentum, and energy, coupled with the chemical kinetics model, have been developed and solved numerically to simulate fast pyrolysis of various cylindrical beetle killed pine pellets (10 mm diameter and 3 mm thickness) in a reactor (30 mm inside diameter and 50 mm height) exposed to various radiative heating flux (0.2 MW/m2 to 0.8 MW/m2). A fast pyrolysis kinetics model for pine wood that includes competitive path ways for the formation of solid, liquid, and gaseous products plus secondary reactions of primary products has been adapted. Several heat transfer correlations and thermo property models available in the literature have been evaluated and adapted in the simulation. Finite element method is used to solve the conservation equations and a 4th order Runge-Kutta method is used to solve the chemical kinetics. Unsteady-state two dimensional temperature and product distributions throughout the entire pyrolysis process were simulated and the simulated product yields were compared to the experimental data available in the literature. This study demonstrates the importance of the secondary reactions and appropriate convective and radiative modeling in the numerical simulation of biomass fast pyrolysis.

Energy Balance and Heat Transfer in Mixing of Elastomer Compounds with the Internal Mixer

1982 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 456-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Nakajima ◽  
E. R. Harrell ◽  
D. A. Seil
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Pertinent Data ◽  
Total Mechanical Energy ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Internal Mixer

Abstract An energy balance was obtained for mixing of an elastomer compound in the internal mixer. The mixing operation was done reproducibly, and pertinent data were collected with relatively simple instrumentation. Out of the total mechanical energy input into the compound, 41–46% went to raise the temperature of the compound, and 40–45% was removed by the cooling water. The heat loss from the mixer wall to the room was very small and negligible. This energy balance is based on the average temperature profile, which assumes uniform temperature of the stock. The actual temperature measurement of the stocks gave temperature differences of as much as ±13.5°C, indicating temperature nonuniformity within the stock. This is very plausible because rubber is a poor conductor, the shear field within the mixing chamber is exceedingly nonuniform, and thus, the viscous heating of the material is very nonuniform. Heat transfer coefficients were evaluated for the overall heat transfer from the stock to the cooling water and for the heat transfer from the stock to the chamber wall. The data indicate that the compound was not uniform in the beginning of the mixing, in spite of the fact that a premixed powdered rubber was used. The nonuniformity must be in the degree of incorporation of carbon black rather than in the composition. There is also nonuniformity in the temperature. The heat transfer coefficient has a high value when the carbon black is on the surface of rubber but decreases to a constant value with the incorporation of carbon black into the rubber. Although it is not the objective of this paper to evaluate the effectiveness of mixing, the compound after curing gave mechanical properties which indicated thorough mixing.

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