Organizing the Exploitation of Vulnerable People: A Qualitative Assessment of Human Trafficking

Focusing on the organizing practices by which vulnerable individuals are exploited for their labor, we build a model that depicts how human traffickers systematically target impoverished girls and women and transform their autonomous objection into unquestioned compliance. Drawing from qualitative interviews with women forced into labor in the sex industry, human traffickers, brothel managers, and other sources (e.g., doctors, nongovernment organizations, and police officers fighting human trafficking), we inductively theorize that organizing of vulnerable individuals for human exploitation involves four interrelated practices—(1) deceptive recruiting of the vulnerable, (2) entrapping through isolation, (3) extinguishing alternatives by building barriers, and (4) converting the exploited into exploiters—that together erode and eventually eliminate workers’ autonomy. We conclude by discussing implications of our research for theory—specifically, the literature on human exploitation and loss of worker agency.

Tool Kit for Public–Private Partnerships in Urban Primary Health Centers in India

This is a guide for establishing and developing urban primary health centers (UPHCs) according to India’s National Health Mission framework, and using public–private partnership (PPP) arrangements with nongovernment organizations. It can be used by all states, regardless of where they are in the development and realization of their strategy, policies, and processes with respect to PPPs in UPHCs. For states that already have such a program, this may help to streamline and improve policies and processes. It also contains guidelines and suggestions that are useful for states that are open to or considering the implementation of similar programs.

The extent to which Egyptian elites communicate with interact with the activities of public relation in non-government international organizations: مدى تواصل النخب المصرية مع أنشطة العلاقات العامة بالمنظمات غير الحكومية الدولية

The goal of the research is to discover the extent of the Egyptian Elites communicate with the activities of public relation in nongovernment international organizations by considering these international organizations aimed to achieve development in local communities will not succeed in achieving its performance except with the participation all sectors of local communities and it come in top of those sectors elites and opinion leaders. The main question of the research was what is the extent of the Egyptian Elites communicated with the activities of public relation for the international nongovernment organizations? This research belongs to the discovering research and the researcher implemented his study on different groups of professional Elites, and the research reached to many results the most important is increased the rate of Elites interest in the work fields of those organizations, and reduction in rate of those who didn’t communicate directly with those organizations.