Human myeloma RPMI8226 cells and normal cells have different sensitivity to bisilicate silver nanoparticles in vitro

Introduction. Silver nanoparticles due to its pronounced cytotoxicity are regarded as promising agent for anticancer therapy. Determination of normal and transformed cells sensitivity to silver nanoparticles can be the basis for the application as an adjuvant cancer treatment. The objective of the study was to investigate influence of atomic clusters of Argentum (ACA) in the form of silver bisilicate nanoparticles colloid solution on viability and proliferation of human myeloma cell line, mesenchymal stromal cells and blood lymphocytes. Material and methods. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT and LDH assay. Cell proliferation was evaluated by flow cytometry. Results. It was found that ACA had dose-depending cytotoxicity toward all investigated cell types, but normal and transformed cells varied significantly in the sensitivity to nanoparticles. IC50 for myeloma cell line RPMI8226 was 1,75 µg/ml. For MSCs of different origin IC50 was in the range of 12 to 16 µg/ml. ACA in concentration from 2 to 3 µg/ml induced RPMI8226 cells metabolic disruption and death without influence on viability and cell cycle of mesenchymal stromal cells and blood lymphocytes. Conclusion. Results of work has shown distinct differences in sensitivity to ACA between myeloma cells, mesenchymal stromal cells and blood lymphocytes. The optimal range of ACA concentration with anticancer effect without cytotoxic influence on normal cells has been determined in vitro.

Multiple Myeloma Inhibitory Activity of Plant Natural Products

A literature search on plant natural products with antimyeloma activity until the end of 2020 resulted in 92 compounds with effects on at least one human myeloma cell line. Compounds were divided in different compound classes and both their structure–activity-relationships as well as eventual correlations with the pathways described for Multiple Myeloma were discussed. Each of the major compound classes in this review (alkaloids, phenolics, terpenes) revealed interesting candidates, such as dioncophyllines, a group of naphtylisoquinoline alkaloids, which showed pronounced and selective induction of apoptosis when substituted in position 7 of the isoquinoline moiety. Interestingly, out of the phenolic compound class, two of the most noteworthy constituents belong to the relatively small subclass of xanthones, rendering this group a good starting point for possible further drug development. The class of terpenoids also provides noteworthy constituents, such as the highly oxygenated diterpenoid oridonin, which exhibited antiproliferative effects equal to those of bortezomib on RPMI8226 cells. Moreover, triterpenoids containing a lactone ring and/or quinone-like substructures, e.g., bruceantin, whitaferin A, withanolide F, celastrol, and pristimerin, displayed remarkable activity, with the latter two compounds acting as inhibitors of both NF-κB and proteasome chymotrypsin-like activity.

Preparation of Hybridomas Producing Monoclonal Antibodies against Aflatoxin B1 as a Tool to Control Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hybridomas that secreted antibodies against aflatoxin B1 for multiple uses were prepared using a unique immunization schedule. Aflatoxin B1-BSA conjugate was used for immunization of Balb/c mice. Spleen cells were harvested from the hyper immunized mice to be fused with myeloma cell line (P3NS1) using polyethylene glycol 3000, 50% concentration as a fusogenic agent. The produced hybridomas were selected using HAT selective medium that was replaced by complete HT medium. From the 10thday after fusion, wells that contain colonies of hybridomas covering 30% or greater of the wells surface were screened for production of monoclonal antibodies against aflatoxin B1 using ELISA. 21 hybridomas were found to be reactive to aflatoxin B1. All were found to belong to IgG2aisotype except one was found to belong to IgM isotype. The prepared monoclonal antibodies and their application to immunoassays represents a useful and rapid quantitative measurement with high affinity and low detection limits in order to purify environmentally occurring levels of this carcinogen specially in areas at high risk for liver cancer.