»Philosophy […] Is the Theory of Education in Its Most General Phases«

»Philosophy […] Is the Theory of Education in Its Most General Phases«. Critical Remarks On Some Relationships between Philosophy and Education Following John Dewey In contrast to the widespread view that education is a subfield and field of application of practical philosophy, John Dewey understood philosophy altogether as a general theory of education. The article reconstructs this perspective in Dewey’s main pedagogical work »Democracy and Education« as well as in his 1929 paper »The Sources of a Science of Education«. Afterwards, two other relationships between philosophy and education will be contrasted, the so-called Isms approach and the configuration in which philosophy is one of the so-called ›foundation disciplines‹ dealing with education as an applied field. In an outlook, current changes in the relationship between philosophy and education will be discussed.

John Dewey's imagination

In several of his writings, John Dewey returned to the importance of the imagination for thinking about experience and making sense of it. This article looks at some of what he says, especially in Democracy and Education, and considers the enduring importance of imagination for lesson-planning, teaching and assessment.

O PROGRAMA ESCOLAR E A EXPERIÊNCIA EDUCATIVA SOB A PERSPECTIVA DE JOHN DEWEY

Esse artigo trata dos métodos de ensino propostos por Dewey entre os séculos XIX e XX. Suas reflexões teóricas decorrem das experiências dos professores da Escola Laboratório da Universidade de Chicago. O objetivo consiste em mostrar que as ponderações do autor sobre tais experimentos pedagógicos foram elaboradas considerando a conexão entre o conhecimento prático, relacionado as atividades familiares a vida infantil, com o conhecimento historicamente acumulado pela humanidade. Para atingi-lo foram selecionados excertos em que Dewey analisa as experiências realizadas na Escola Laboratório e que consistem no que ele entendia como experiência educativa. Fundamentando-se em Bloch (2001), foi lançado um olhar histórico sobre o pensamento e ações de Dewey entendendo-o como um intelectual que pensava sobre as questões educacionais e pedagógicas de seu tempo. Considerando as transformações econômicas, políticas e sociais dos Estados Unidos, o autor repensava as formas de ensino e em favorecer a apropriação ativa do conhecimento cientifico. Para Dewey democratizar a sociedade passava pela democratização da ciência. Para esse trabalho foram priorizadas como fontes as obras A escola e a Sociedade (1899) e Democracia e Educação (1916), que registram experiências pedagógicas realizadas pela equipe de professores dirigida por Dewey. Constatou-se que, a experiência prática e a experiência histórica interagem e se completam. A experiência prática existe devido à possibilidade de recorrer à experiência histórica, e a experiência histórica só existe por que o homem se desafiou a produzir novos conhecimentos por meio da observação e de experimentos, concretizando uma experiência educativa.Palavras-chave: John Dewey; educação; programa escolar.The school program and educational experience from John Dewey's perspectiveAbstractThis article deals with the teaching methods proposed by Dewey between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. His theoretical reflections stem from the teachers experiences at the University of Chicago Laboratory School. The objective is to show that the author's considerations about such pedagogical experiments were elaborated considering the connection between practical knowledge, related to familiar activities to children' s life, with the knowledge historically accumulated by humanity. To achieve this were selected excerpts in which Dewey analyzes the experiments carried out in the Laboratory School and consisting of what he understood as an educational experience. Founding in Bloch (2001), a historical look at Dewey's thinking and actions was taken. He is understood as an intellectual who thought about the educational and pedagogical issues of his time. Considering the economic, political and social transformations of the United States, the author rethought the forms of teaching and favored the active appropriation of scientific knowledge. For Dewey to democratize the society went through the democratization of science. For this work, the works School and Society (1899) and Democracy and Education (1916), which record pedagogical experiences carried out by the team of teachers directed by Dewey, were prioritized as sources. It has been found that practical experience and historical experience interact and complement each other. Practical experience exists because of the possibility of resorting to historical experience, and historical experience exists only because man has challenged himself to produce new knowledge through observation and experimentation, thus materializing an educational experience.Keywords: John Dewey; education; school program.El programa escolar y la experiencia educativa desde la perspectiva de John DeweyResumen Este artículo discute los métodos de enseñanza propuestos por Dewey entre los siglos XIX y XX. Sus reflexiones teóricas se derivan de las experiencias de la Escuela Laboratorio de la Universidad de Chicago. El objetivo consiste en mostrar que las ponderaciones del autor sobre tales experimentos pedagógicos fueron elaboradas considerando la conexión entre el conocimiento práctico, sobre las actividades familiares a la infancia, con el conocimiento humano históricamente acumulado. Para alcanzarlo se seleccionaron extractos en que Dewey analiza las experiencias realizadas en la escuela y que consisten en lo que él entendía como experiencia educativa. Fundamentándose en Bloch (2001), se lanzó una mirada histórica sobre el pensamiento y acciones de Dewey entendiéndolo como un intelectual que pensaba sobre las cuestiones educativas y pedagógicas de su tiempo. Considerando las transformaciones económicas, políticas y sociales de su país, el autor repensaba las formas de enseñanza y en favorecer la apropiación activa del conocimiento científico. Para Dewey democratizar la sociedad pasaba por la democratización de la ciencia. Fueron priorizadas como fuentes de trabajo las obras La escuela y la Sociedad (1899) y Democracia y Educación (1916), que registran experiencias pedagógicas de los profesores dirigidos por Dewey. Se constató que la experiencia práctica y la experiencia histórica interactúan y se complementan. La experiencia práctica existe debido a la posibilidad de recurrir a la experiencia histórica, y la experiencia histórica sólo existe porque el hombre se ha desafiado a producir nuevos conocimientos por medio de la observación y de los experimentos, concretando una experiencia educativa.Palabras clave: John Dewey; educación; programa escolar.

Classic Reflection in Best Evidence in Chinese Education

In the long history of educational development, many representative figures have emerged, and many representative works and expositions have been circulating. These characters and discourses have had a huge impact on the development of education. Plato’s Utopia, Comenius’s Large Teaching Theory, and Dewey’s Democracy and Education were representative of them.