Sustainable Technology on Aircraft Design: A Review

Next-generation air transportation is a key to influence the environment, safety, and the economy. Several programs strive to create emerging innovation towards sustainability, system integrity, and alternative fuels to guarantee a reduction of its environmental effect as greenhouse gas. Nowadays, the aerospace industry is looking forward to aviation sustainable developments across the globe. Few initiatives through a novel configuration of aircraft is established like Blended Wing Body, Flying V aircraft, Box wing Aircraft, and Double bubble Aircraft to enhance the cargo and passenger volume occupancy and cut-off the fuel burn percent. With the use of disruptive technologies, researchers are progressing the revolutionary airframe for transportation. A systematic overview and comprehensive survey of passenger-based aircraft are investigated. The objective study is to examine fuel burn and its impact on the environment by types of aircraft. In-depth literature review studies on four pillar strategies used to design an efficient airplane. In addition, this paper also serves on advancement in evolutionary technologies used in jet transport aircraft. Reflecting the benefits and challenges of different aircraft designs technologies were also highlighted. This paper highlights the future implications and managerial insights for future aircraft designers.

Improved SARS-CoV-2 PCR detection and genotyping with double-bubble primers

A new approach for improved RT-PCR is described. It is based on primers designed to form controlled stem–loop and homodimer configurations, hence the name ‘double-bubble’ primers. The primers contain three main regions for efficient RT-PCR: a 3′ short overhang to allow reverse transcription, a stem region for hot start and a template-specific region for PCR amplification. As proof of principle, GAPDH, SARS-CoV-2 synthetic RNA and SARS-CoV-2 virus-positive nasopharyngeal swabs were used as templates. Additionally, these primers were used to positively confirm the N501Y mutation from nasopharyngeal swabs. Evidence is presented that the double-bubble primers offer fast, specific, robust and cost-effective improvement in RT-PCR amplification for detection of gene expression in general and for diagnostic detection and genotyping of SARS-CoV-2 in particular.