OVERCOMING SOCIAL ALIENATION IN MARXIZM AND POST-INDUSTRIAL THEORY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

The article is devoted to the reflection of processes in the economy associated with intangible capital on social development. The author focuses on the problem of social alienation, formulated by Marx, and the possibilities of overcoming it, which are opening up in connection with the transition of the economy to the production of intellectual values. Using the method of comparison, the author explores how this problem is solved by representatives of two philosophical trends – post-industrialism (D. Bell, V.L. Inozemtsev, A. Toffler) and neo-Marxism (V.V. Orlov, J. Baudrillard, A.V. Buzgalin, A. Gorz). Both of them believe that the production of knowledge is incompatible with the commodity nature of the industrial economy. However, supporters of the post-industrial concept believe that overcoming the commodity form is possible within the framework of reforming capitalism, while Marxists argue that the «knowledge economy» is achieved only by transforming of social relations. In addition to the actual economic aspects of this issue, the article examines the problems of creative labor, consumer society, relations between people, conflict of values through the prism of alienation.

MARKET EXPLORATION OF BAKSO CULINARY TOURISTS IN MALANG CITY, INDONESIA

Bakso is one of the top Indonesian local culinary from Malang City. This study tries to reveals types of food-related behaviour and culinary experiences in psychographic segmentation for bakso culinary tourism in Malang City. In addition, identifying the motivational factors of Bakso Malang tourists is useful for the development of culinary tourism. This study involved 210 samples and the results represented an exploration of market segmentation and motivation factors of bakso culinary tourists. That could be an in-depth consideration of the bakso restaurant even for culinary development strategies in Malang City. Bakso Malang's consistent understanding of market management will provide important intangible capital for the development of culinary products in Malang City.

Private and Social Returns to R&D: Drug Development and Demographics

Investment in intangible capital such as R&D has increased dramatically since the 1990s. However, productivity growth remains sluggish in recent years. One potential reason is that a significant share of the increase in intangible investment is geared toward consumer products such as pharmaceutical drugs with limited spillovers to productivity. We document that a significant share of R&D spending in the United States is done by pharmaceutical firms and geared to developing drugs for older patients. Increased life expectancy and quality of life for the elderly increases welfare but may not be reflected in estimates of total factor productivity.

Ratings For Innovative Smes & Start-Ups And Intangible Capital: Literature Review And Proposal Of A New Approach

Innovative Smes and start-ups are the backbone and strategic drivers of economic growth for all economies. Today, the current COVID-19 pandemic affects all companies regardless of their size or their activity. Some sectors are less impacted than others, but overall, most SMEs and start-ups are strongly impacted by this crisis. Indeed, this context is marked by the lengthening of payment terms, as well as the level of default which should reach 14% by the end of the year, with a peak at the end of the first quarter of 2021(Euler Hermes, 2020).Company default or failure prediction has been the subject of much theoretical and empirical work for forty years. However, little research work focused on the distressed Small and Medium Enterprises, even though the risk of default of this type of business is very common. Innovative Smes and start-ups are often considered to be rich in intangible capital but poor in liquidity (Brassell et King 2013). Based on these shortcomings, the purpose of this paper is to carry out a critical review of the literature on the phenomenon of default from the financial, economic and legal angles, before identifying the main determinants including intangible capital, in order to better understand their detection. We will strive to reflect on a new rating approach integrating the notion of "Goowill" which is linked to the profitability generated by its intangible assets, as a solution to the problem of access to finance for innovative Moroccan SMEs and start-ups.