Organizational Components That Explain the Strategic Direction of SMEs for a New World Economic Order

This chapter aims to show some concepts related to the importance of planning and strategic direction as a fundamental tool for the sustainability of Colombian SMEs for a new world economic order and present the proportionality relationship between this concept of strategic management and the organizational components. Keys that explain it and facilitate its development, considering the modernization model for managing organizations (MMOM), were developed by a group of researchers from the EAN University in Bogotá-Colombia. It was found that market management, organizational culture, organizational structure, and knowledge and innovation management are the components that a high percentage explain the strategic direction of this type of company on which priority improvement and innovation activities should be developed in such a way ways that allow strategies to develop more smoothly to achieve business objectives of effectiveness, efficiency, profitability, and sustainable development.

INNOVATIVE MODELS OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

Assessing and forecasting employment in international business are important tools for state regulation of the international labor market, and rethinking their role is a necessary condition for overcoming the effects of the global economic crisis. Employment forecasting should be a priority in finding new ways to form an effective international labor market.The purpose of the article is to develop a methodology for studying the factors that determine the capacity, structure and segments of the international labor market.The article considers the issues of identifying and substantiating the factors that determine the capacity, structure and main segments of the labor market in international business. The proposed models of personnel management in international business include a number of successive stages, the algorithm of which allows to obtain sufficiently reasonable results.Analysis of the dynamics of factors over a number of years or several models over a period of time [1-3] allows to establish the basic patterns inherent in the analyzed international market to justify trends in its development and develop a forecast for the future. It is important to identify those factors whose influence will be dominant for this labor market. The effectiveness of international labor market management depends crucially on measures to influence the latter. Based on the results of the analysis, it is advisable to establish the goals of employment promotion policy for the near future, to rank priorities in the implementation of measures to promote employment and social protection in the international labor market.

Management of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of the economy in the conditions of globalization transformations

At the present stage of economic development, the agro-industrial sector of Ukraine is one of the most important parts of the economic systems of most countries with market economies. It is developing in conditions of high energy security, the use of a wide range of agronomic techniques, greening based on the use of modern energy and environmental technologies, methods and ways of managing agro-industrial enterprises. The production base of the agro-industrial sphere is based on an extensive infrastructure network and a system of research support for its development. Ways of development of the agro-industrial sector of Ukraine include balanced and interconnected structural restructuring of all its branches, maximum introduction into production of the most important achievements of scientific and technological progress, world experience, the most progressive forms of economy and organization of production. property, including the deepening of land ownership relations and the introduction of mechanisms for the realization of property rights; privatization of processing enterprises; restructuring of enterprises and forms of management; development of cooperation; introduction of market management methods - management and marketing; state regulation of the agricultural economy through more efficient use of price levers, financial and credit and tax systems; development of markets for agricultural products, material and technical resources and services; intensification and diversification of foreign economic activity, etc. The priority of the development of the agro-industrial sector of Ukraine and its leading industries makes it possible to provide the population with foodstuffs, industry with raw materials, and foreign trade with export goods.

The Empirical Model on The Relationship among Price, Service Quality and Customer Purchasing Decision: The Case of the Dili Tais Market in Timor-Leste.

Price, service quality and purchasing decisions are played important roles in tourism market management. Therefore, many empirical studies have been carried out to enhance customer purchasing decisions through price and service quality. Nonetheless, there is a limited number of studies in emerging tourism destinations and marketing. This study aims to analyse the influence of price and service quality on customers’ purchasing decisions. This research was carried out at the Tais Market, Kolmera, Dili. Data was collected by using questionnaires distributed to 395 respondents using accidental sampling technique, and hypotheses were tested using SMART-PLS 3.0. The results showed that both price and service quality have significant impacts on customers’ purchasing decisions. This study enriches the empirical studies on price, service quality and customers’ purchasing decisions, particularly in emerging tourism destinations and markets. This study implies that to enhance customers’ purchasing decisions, the Tais Market needs to offer products at a reasonable and fair price as well to keep improving the tangible and intangible services.

Analisis Struktur Pasar Kentang Pada Pasar Relokasi di Plaju Palembang

Pasar Modern Plaju is a modern market, which was relocated from the traditional market Pasar Plaju so that there is a change in management of the market. Vegetables are the most widely sold commodity in the market, one of which is potatoes. Potatoes harvested area and production in South Sumatra had fluctuated in the past five years. Producer and consumer prices also fluctuated but have positive trends. Changes in market management and potato prices are always fluctuating, which would affect the market structure. The study aimed at determining the buying and selling activities and the structure of the potato market in Pasar Modern Plaju. The data came from 10 potato retailers. The data collected is daily data from buying and selling activities during January 2020 and was analyzed quantitatively. The analysis used was market concentration ratio (CR) and HHI (Herfindal-Hirschman Index). The result showed the diluent traders bought potatoes from a collector at a maximum of 600 kg per purchase, did not do grading, and the payment system was in cash. The market concentration ratio showed 59,18% CR4 and 93,27% CR8 was indicated that the structure of the potato market in Pasar Modern Plaju was oligopsony. HHI value 1.313 also showed that the potatoes market structure trend to word oligopsony market. These findings imply that the structure market can be influenced by the type of market.

Features of application of corporate enterprises management technologies

The purpose of the article is to identify problems in the Ukrainian and European consulting markets, outline key trends and prospects for Ukrainian consulting companies based on the application of European experience. The study aims to determine the characteristics of the consulting market in the domestic and European markets during the crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The authors identified the state of the consulting industry and the main providers of consulting services in the domestic market. Management consulting in Ukraine is used sporadically in contrast to European countries, cooperation with consultants regularly. The reason is that the vast majority of companies, firms, and companies seek advice in critical situations when their own efforts are simply no longer able to solve existing problems. The authors identified the state of the consulting industry and the main providers of consulting services in the domestic market, provided auditing information, and identified several contradictions and problems of auditing; the number of registered auditors on the territory of Ukraine for 2016-2020 and their structure by regions in 2019 and 2020 were studied as well. The article forms the main trends of the European consulting market in 2021: digitalization, individual decisions, a strategy that moves within the company, high return on investment, growing demand for the technology sector, and restructuring practice. In general, the consulting industry has suffered a significant blow from the Covid-19 crisis, and, according to the latest data, at the end of 2020, it was about 18% lower. However, the prognosis is improving in many European countries as they manage to reduce the number of new coronavirus cases. According to this data, the authors suggest that domestic companies should follow practices: focus their activities on crisis management, quickly adapt customer business to modern conditions, accelerate the pace of digitalization, and use innovations to update strategies.

The Storage Period Discrimination of Bolete Mushrooms Based on Deep Learning Methods Combined With Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy and Integrative Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy

Boletes are favored by consumers because of their delicious taste and high nutritional value. However, as the storage period increases, their fruiting bodies will grow microorganisms and produce substances harmful to the human body. Therefore, we need to identify the storage period of boletes to ensure their quality. In this article, two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) images are directly used for deep learning modeling, and the complex spectral data analysis process is transformed into a simple digital image processing problem. We collected 2,018 samples of boletes. After laboratory cleaning, drying, grinding, and tablet compression, their Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy data were obtained. Then, we acquired 18,162 spectral images belonging to nine datasets which are synchronous 2DCOS, asynchronous 2DCOS, and integrative 2DCOS (i2DCOS) spectra of 1,750–400, 1,450–1,000, and 1,150–1,000 cm–1 bands. For these data sets, we established nine deep residual convolutional neural network (ResNet) models to identify the storage period of boletes. The result shows that the accuracy with the train set, test set, and external validation set of the synchronous 2DCOS model on the 1,750–400-cm–1 band is 100%, and the loss value is close to zero, so this model is the best. The synchronous 2DCOS model on the 1,150–1,000-cm–1 band comes next, and these two models have high accuracy and generalization ability which can be used to identify the storage period of boletes. The results have certain practical application value and provide a scientific basis for the quality control and market management of bolete mushrooms. In conclusion, our method is novel and extends the application of deep learning in the food field. At the same time, it can be applied to other fields such as agriculture and herbal medicine.

Extreme Sport: Understanding the Concept, Recognizing the Value

Extreme sport is one of the fastest-growing areas in sporting activity in this century. Extreme sport appears to be used interchangeably with high-risk sport in much of the research literature. Both high-risk sport and extreme sport are defined as any sport where one has to accept a possibility of severe injury or death as an inherent part of the activity. Extreme sports are rapidly becoming the physical activity of choice. Extreme sports have diffused around the world at a phenomenal rate and far faster than established sports. Commercially, extreme is the password for corporations and advertisers to access young population. Extreme sports increasingly attract participants from different social classes and age groups, as well as females and minority groups. The extreme sport comprises tourist activities, therapeutic activities, recreational activities, and sporting activities. They have become a sporting spectacle. Extreme sports are even discussed in marketing (niche market), management, and policy literature as legitimate niches that require their peculiar understanding or inappropriate activities that need to be banned. Adventure and risk-taking sports such as mountaineering, whitewater rafting, surfing, skiing, skydiving, downhill mountain biking, rock climbing, and BASE (Building, Antenna (or Aerial), Span (i.e., bridge), Earth (cliffs or other rock formations)) have increased in popularity in recent years. This study is an overview of previous studies carried out by eminent scholars of psychology and different disciplines. The objective of this study is to understand extreme sport in better way on one side and how extreme (or adventurous) sport has been theoretically conceptualized and re-conceptualized on the other. The researcher made an effort to disseminate the knowledge of extreme sports to the students, researchers, entrepreneurs, media personnel, and other concerned authorities, related organizations, and institutions. It is also believed that this study will help to promote adventure education, adventure tourism (niche tourism) and deep ecology. The participants strongly believe that the natural world acts as a facilitator to a deeper, more positive understanding of self and its place in the environment. Fear, emotion, stress, risk, uncertainty, motivation, wellness, wellbeing, personality traits and determination are the key elements of extreme sports.

What brings contracting back in-house? A synthesis of international evidence

Contracting back-in has received growing scholarly attention, but there is little empirical consensus in the literature as to what drives governments to bring previously contracted work back in-house and to what extent. This study performs a meta-analysis to synthesize 332 effect sizes from 16 existing studies concerning the antecedents of contracting back-in across different countries. The analysis indicates that contracting back-in is a market management strategy driven by low levels of market competition, high proportions of for-profit contractors, insufficient cost savings, and inadequate contract management. Meanwhile, contracting back-in is a political move shaped by left-wing political ideology and employee opposition to outsourcing. Environmental factors including unemployment rate, population size, and population density also play a role. This study provides empirical generalizations of previous results and contributes a more coherent knowledge base for future studies. Points for practitioners Our analysis indicates that contracting back-in is driven by a mix of both pragmatic and political factors, but pragmatic factors related to contracting management complexity shape contracting back-in in a more forceful way. Our findings also suggest that factors pushing governments to contract out do not necessarily have an impact on contracting back-in. Government decisions to contract out and contract back-in may be based on different considerations.