PHYSICAL THERAPY FOR EMERGENCY ABDOMINAL SURGERY: STATE OF THE PROBLEM IN UKRAINE

For today there are significant medical advances in surgical treatment of emergency abdominal pathology and surgical techniques. However, the place of physical therapy in guidelines of acute abdominal pathology complex treatment remains insufficiently described in the specialized literature, and its significance in clinical practice underestimated. Emergency abdominal surgical pathology still remains a significant proportion of all surgical diseases, whereas mortality and postoperative complications remain considerably high. Surgical interventions in this cohort belong to the high-risk category in the cases of old age, poor general health with the limited cardiorespiratory reserve, low physical strength and obesity. Among other reasons of this study importance, there are insufficient clinical guidelines and misunderstanding of physical therapy impact on treatment outcome, such as mortality, frequency and type of postoperative morbidity, duration of in hospital stay, quality of life and rate of physical recovery. Only moderate quantity of thorough studies is available, concerning major urgent abdominal pathology complex treatment which comprehends surgical, anesthesia, laboratory, imaging, physiotherapy and nutritional support expertise. However, current evidence from trials remains obscure due to absence of clearly defined, standardized physiotherapy interventions, which limits the comparison in the treatment outcomes assessment. Currently in Ukraine there are no standards of physical therapy in clinical protocol of emergency abdominal surgical pathology. Consequently, there is a necessity for theoretic and practical justification of physical therapy as an important component of comprehensive treatment in the case of emergency abdominal surgical pathology.

CORPORATE CULTURE IN A MEDICAL INSTITUTION

The study outlines the prerequisites for the formation of corporate culture in various medical institutions, as well as the peculiarities of the formation of the Viva clinics’ network, which influenced its position in the intra-corporate communication process. Proposals have been formulated to improve the corporate culture, which takes into account all the shortcomings that are significant for medical staff. The latter were identified through a survey conducted among clinics’ network staff. The project includes several corporate events, improvement of working conditions and communication of staff, creation of intra-corporate media and software communication tools. Both general scientific and special methods of data processing were used in the work. In particular, the analytical-synthetic method of terminological analysis, comparative method, and generalization method was used, which made it possible to determine the degree of study of the topic, to outline the general issues. Induction and deduction methods were also used. The method of survey and questionnaire was used to assess the corporate culture of the Viva clinics’ network. The method of comparison was used to assess the advantages and disadvantages of competitors. The descriptive method was used to present the recommended part of the study.

FLORISTIC METAPHORS IN LATIN AND ENGLISH PHARMACEUTICAL TERMINOLOGY

The article highlights metaphorization of floristic vocabulary in Latin and English pharmaceutical terminology. Nominations of plants are considered to be motivated semantically: the inner form of metaphors proves explicit or implicit one. There are used the cognitive method (works by Y. Stepanov (Stepanov, 2001), V. Telia (Telia, 1988), A. Wierzhbicka (Wierzhbicka, 1969) and method of metaphor (works by N. Arutyunova (Arutyunova, 1990), G. Lakoff and M. Johnson (Lakoff et al., 1980), V. Telia (Telia, 1988) for the research. The article focuses on primary floristic nominations and secondary ones based on associative peculiarities. The comparative method enables to examine the specificity of floristic metaphors in Latin and English. The research has found motivation of metaphoric nomination in English and Latin medical terminology. In addition, there have been found similar and peculiar features in nominations of plants, flowers, bushes, trees in English and Latin of medicine. The process of methaphorization is inherent for majority of Latin and English pharmaceutical phytonyms. It leads to the conclusion that metaphorization proves considerable process for comprehension of specificity of different national linguistic view of the world.

LENGUAJE OFENSIVO Y SU TRADUCCIÓN EN LOS TEXTOS LITERARIOS

La traducción literaria es un verdadero "arte verbal" (Vinogradov, 1978), que requiere del traductor las habilidades adecuadas y un profundo conocimiento enciclopédico para reproducir y transmitir la esencia ideológica de la obra original. Gracias a la traducción literaria las cultura se enriquecen y se complementan una a otra. En la lieratura moderna española y latinoamericana se utiliza cada vez más el lenguaje ofensivo, cuya reproducción adecuada en otro idioma es uno de los problemas actuales de los estudios de traducción. Normalmente, los autores utilizan el lenguaje soez para el discurso vivo de los personajes, la creación de un cierto efecto emocional, la imagen de los personajes. La reproducción de las unidades comunicativas de este campo léxico-semántico en las traducciones provoca ciertas dificultades, por su contenido semántico-denotativo que no coincide en diferentes idiomas. Por tanto, el traductor debe buscar un equivalente funcional que pueda reproducir de forma natural el lenguaje malsonante, sin suavizarlo ni reforzarlo, y transmitir el efecto que el autor ha creado en su obra. El artículo presenta interpretaciones modernas del concepto del lenguaje soez o malsonante, también describe los problemas y métodos de traducción de este vocabulario al ucraniano.

CLASSIFICATION OF INVALID TRANSACTIONS IN PRESENT LAW DOCTRINE OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

The aim of this paper is providing the analysis of the classification of invalid transactions into void and voidable, which is recognized in many countries. This classification takes roots from the times of Ancient Rome, and was further developed in the 19th century thanks to the works of pandectists, primarily F.K. von Savigny and B. Windscheid. Today many European states are reforming their civil legislation. This fact allows us to take a fresh look at many institutions of civil law. In addition to the traditional approaches that are characteristic of the countries of the pandecto system, special attention should be paid to the “theorie moderne”, which is widespread in the countries of the Romanesque legal system. In the context of the invalidity of transactions, the article analyzes the provisions of the legislation of the leading European countries – Germany, France, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain, Belgium. Based on the above, it is concluded that this classification of the invalidity of transactions has not lost its meaning and is relevant today.

ARTICULATION OF THE PROBLEM OF CONTINUOUS PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER TRAINING TO WORK IN CONDITIONS OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN THE MODERN PEDAGOGICAL DISKURS

In this article it was investigated the diskurson the one hand for understanding the modern state of problem`s articulation of continuous primary school teacher training made on the basis of a review of normative documents and literature and inclusive education on the other hand. It was analyzed the evolution of views on (1) education of children with special educational needs and (2) approaches to understanding the teacher training to work in inclusive classes with projection on continuous professional development and conception of continuous education. The analysis of normative international and domestic documents, literature of continuous training of teachers and professional activity in terms of inclusive education, practical implementation in Ukraine, new demands to professional competence of modern teacher allowed us to show a sequence of contradictions. In conclusion, the sphere of inclusive education is developing rapidly in Ukraine in the last 10 years which resulted in development of the law and development in science researches in the field of inclusion. Only teacher who is integrated to the system of continuous training and is interested in self-development can integrate principles of inclusive education.

THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF USING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES

The purpose of this article is to substantiate the theoretical foundations of using information and communication technologies (hereinafter – ICT) in public administration decision-making processes using the framework of categories and concepts proposed by New Public Management, Joined-up government, Public Value Рaradigm, Actor Network Theory and Socio-Technical Systems. The research task is to comprehensively consider the methods, approaches and foundations of using ICT in public administration through these theories. General scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction) as well as the comparative-historical method have been used. Such an approach allows to generalize and comprehend the role and impact of ICT in public administration within the framework of different theories and to offer an empirical application of the developed concepts. Correlation of the considered concepts' theoretical principles with the criteria for public services delivery, the role of citizens, approaches to measuring the performance of public servants makes it possible to conclude the information about the attitudes and requirements for innovations in public administration from the perspective of each of the theories. It can contribute to further study of the ICT's impact on the public administration decision-making processes, predicting the transformational impact of e-governance and theoretical advances empirical application by both public servants and those who hold political positions.

TRADUCTION DES NOMS DES FILMS FRANÇAIS : ASPECT LINGUOCULTUREL

L’article proposé étudie les moyens de traduction en ukrainien des particularités linguistiques et culturologiques des noms des films français. En particulier, on détermine les caractéristiques lexicales et sémantiques des titres français et les voies de leur reproduction dans la langue cible à travers le prisme de l’approche culturologique. Les titres représentant une situation verbalement codée qui est modélisée par le film se concentrent sur l’attention particulière du spectateur. A cette fin, ils sont brillants, attirants, expressifs. Les fonctions principales des noms des films sont les suivantes: nominative, c’est-à-dire la présentation au spectateur de l’idée principale du film; informative, à savoir la transmission des informations principales; publicitaire, pour attirer le public; pronostique, c’est-à-dire l’addition des éléments associatifs; pragmatique, qui vise à influencer et à exciter les sentiments humains. Il a été constaté que les noms propres, les anglicismes, les chiffres, les onomatopées sonores sont largement utilisés dans les titres des films français. Lors de la traduction, on recourt à des moyens et à des transformations tels que: la traduction littérale, la translittération, la substitution lexico-sémantique, l’addition et l’omission des éléments.

THE SPECTRUM OF ESTHETIC CATEGORIES IN WORKS OF STANISLAV ORIHOVSKY (1513–1566)

For a long time, Ukrainian and Western European scientists have included all the Latin works to the Catholic values and brought exclusively to Polish literature, and therefore denied the penetration of humanism and Renaissance within the boundaries of the Orthodox Eastern Slavonic world, forgetting that Ukrainian scientists, to which Stanislav Orikhovsky belongs, not indirectly through Polish teachings acquired leading pan-european ideas, but themselves were part of the european renaissance intelligency. In the culture of Ukraine ХІІІІ-XVII centuries there are no interpretations on esthetic issues. However, there are grounds to consider certain reflections on the problems of art and art work in connection with questions of faith and its symbols, values of knowledge and role of sensual experience in the cognitive activity, values of indifferent attitude of a person to the world and to faith and earthly destination of a person. Now, brought into the scientific circulation little known, and even quite unknown, mainly Latin sources strongly testify that the epoch of revival, with its esthetic ideals, has not passed Ukraine as a component of Europe. Stanislav Orikhovsky (1513–1566) is one of the most prominent personalities in the Ukrainian and Polish culture of Renaissance: Philosophy, historian, publicist, polemist, esthette, speaker. The article focuses on the fact that one of the first, in the national renaissance cultural opinion, who considered the question of esthetics was Stanislav Orikhovsky. In works on esthetics, he devoted a lot of his place to problems of good and evil, as a humanist put the importance of man in dependence on her personal qualities, personal integrity, talent and ability to realize them. Interest in esthetics was revealed clearly, complete it, quite concrete content. In his works he considered and outlined ways of solving various problems, in particular, ethical and esthetic. The spectrum of esthetic categories of the Orikhovsky is mainly represented by the following: Heroic, beauty, beautiful – creative; raised – low; harmony is chaos. AND parts: Comic – tragic; irony, mezzis.

ISSUES OF DETERMINING THE CONTEXT OF RESTRICTED INFORMATION SECURITY

The article analyzes the problematic issues of determining the content of the concept of protection of restricted information, in particular, the authors analyze the existing terminology used by the legislation of Ukraine on the protection of restricted information. The authors of the article, based on existing legislation regulating such information storage measures as information protection, technical protection of information, cryptographic protection of information, cyber protection, using the deductive method of research derived the definition of “protection of restricted information”. In addition, using various scientific research methods, the authors of the article highlight the issues of legal uncertainty and contradictions in the concepts of some types of restricted information protection, which are found in the guidance documents on the subject of research. Also, in the article: the properties of information are derived and the types of operations with information are determined. This took into account the understanding of the concept of “restricted information”, which was defined by one of the authors in his previous work; the idea of the content of protection of restricted information is summarized, and also each of properties of the information which make the content of its protection is investigated.