Analysis of Machine Learning Methods Using Spam Filtering

The paper considers methods of the naive Bayesian classifier. Experiments that show independence between traits are described. Describes the naive Bayesian classifier used to filter spam in messages. The aim of the study is to determine the best method to solve the problem of spam in messages. The paper considers three different variations of the naive Bayesian classifier. The results of experiments and research are given.

An AdaBoost-based tree augmented naive Bayesian classifier for transient stability assessment of power systems

By focusing on the accuracy limitations of the naive Bayesian classifier in the transient stability assessment of power systems, a tree augmented naive Bayesian (TAN) classifier is adopted for the power system transient stability assessment. The adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm is used in the TAN classifier to form an AdaBoost-based tree augmented naive Bayesian (ATAN) classifier for further classification performance improvement. To construct the ATAN classifier, eight attributes that reasonably reflect the transient stability or transient instability of a power system are selected as inputs of the proposed classifier. In addition, the class-attribute interdependence maximization (CAIM) algorithm is used to discretize the attributes. Then, the operating mechanism of the power system is used to obtain the dependencies between the attributes, and the parameters of the ATAN classifier are learned according to the Bayes’ theorem and the criterion of maximizing a posterior estimation. Four evaluation indicators of the ATAN classifier are used, that is, the value of Kappa, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), F1 score, and the average evaluation indicator. Lastly, experiments are implemented on the IEEE 3-generator 9-bus system and IEEE 10-generator 39-bus system. The simulation results show that the ATAN classifier can significantly improve the classification performance of the transient stability assessment of the power system.

Detection of Intrinsically Resistant Candida in Mixed Samples by MALDI TOF-MS and a Modified Naïve Bayesian Classifier

MALDI-TOF MS is one of the major methods for clinical fungal identification, but it is currently only suitable for pure cultures of isolated strains. However, multiple fungal coinfections might occur in clinical practice. Some fungi involved in coinfection, such as Candida krusei and Candida auris, are intrinsically resistant to certain drugs. Identifying intrinsically resistant fungi from coinfected mixed cultures is extremely important for clinical treatment because different treatment options would be pursued accordingly. In this study, we counted the peaks of various species generated by Bruker Daltonik MALDI Biotyper software and accordingly constructed a modified naïve Bayesian classifier to analyze the presence of C. krusei and C. auris in simulated mixed samples. When reasonable parameters were fixed, the modified naïve Bayesian classifier effectively identified C. krusei and C. auris in the mixed samples (sensitivity 93.52%, specificity 92.5%). Our method not only provides a viable solution for identifying the two highlighted intrinsically resistant Candida species but also provides a case for the use of MALDI-TOF MS for analyzing coinfections of other species.

E-Mail Spam Classification using Naive Bayesian Classifier

— E-mail spam is the very recent problem for every individual. The e-mail spam is nothing it’s an advertisement of any company/product or any kind of virus which is receiving by the email client mailbox without any notification. To solve this problem the different spam filtering technique is used. The spam filtering techniques are used to protect our mailbox for spam mails. In this project, we are using the Naïve Bayesian Classifier for spam classification. The Naïve Bayesian Classifier is very simple and efficient method for spam classification. Here we are using the Lingspam dataset for classification of spam and non-spam mails. The feature extraction technique is used to extract the feature. The result is to increase the accuracy of the system.