Water balance computation and water quality improvement evaluation for Yanghe Basin in semiarid area of North China using coupled MIKE SHE/MIKE 11 modeling

Water shortage and water pollution are two prominent issues in North China. Understanding hydrological cycle and water-quality changes in response to pollution control measures is fundamental for a better water management there. Using coupled MIKE SHE/MIKE 11 modeling, various hydrological components in Yanghe Basin in semiarid area of North China were quantified for three typical hydrological years and concentrations of COD and TP in a national monitoring section of Yanghe were evaluated with/without pollution control measures. The modeling results show that the underground water storage of Yanghe Basin gets depleted due to evapotranspiration compensation and groundwater utilization regardless of hydrological condition, indicating an unsustainable in-situ water resource utilization. Water quality goals set for Yanghe (COD ≤ 20 mg/L and TP ≤ 0.2 mg/L) can hardly be achieved if pollution control measures are not taken, especially for a dry hydrological year. Depending on hydrological conditions, non-point source control technology-related projects in a 109-km2 village and a 7-km river-channel wetland in mainstream of Yanghe will have a positive effect or negligible effect on water quality improvement. To meet water quality goals, implementation of three wetlands is an effective and economic way.

Improvement of Methods of Calculations of Flood Water Passing Through Medium-Pressure Hydro Units Taking Into Ac-Count the Characteristics of Flood Wave

Створено гідродинамічну модель руху паводкових вод на ділянці р. Дністер від гідро­ло­гічного поста Заліщики до Дністровського гідровузла у програмному комплексі MIKE 11. Модель дає змогу визначити рівні у Дністровському водосховищі у будь-який момент часу у вигляді кривих вільної поверхні при пропуску паводків різної забез­печеності. Методика розрахунків пропуску паводків через Дністровський гідровузол на основі прогнозів приточності води з урахуванням характеристик паводкової хвилі та ре­жиму наповнення водосховища дає можливість зменшити максимальні витрати води під час паводкової хвилі через Дністровський гідровузол.

Flood estimation of Gangabal lake in Indus river basin using MIKE 11

The on-going retreat of glaciers in the Hindu Kush- Himalaya has been reported to be attributed to global warming in the recent years. While deglaciation may cause a suite of impact, one of the most visible and tangible impact is the formation of glacial lake. Large flash floods resulting from these types of lakes can be responsible for significant loss of lives and property. In this study a methodological approach for the GLOF risk analysis is presented. A glacial lake outburst hydrograph was simulated in case of worst case scenario using a dam break model in MIKE 11 for Gangabal lake. The peak discharge were found to be of the order of 8791, 9991, 11089 cumecs for breach width 80,100,120 meters respectively at failure time of 60 minutes.

Flood Simulation Analysis of the Biliu River Basin Based on the MIKE Model

The Biliu River is the largest river in Dalian. The occurrence of floods and droughts in this basin has extremely important impacts on local industry, agriculture, and urban development. For a long time, the annual distribution of precipitation in the Biliu River Basin is extremely uneven, the river runoff varies greatly from year to year and season to year, floods and droughts occur frequently, and serious soil erosion results in fragile ecological environment and severe shortage of water resources. In this paper, the spatial and temporal changes of rainfall and runoff in the Biliu River Basin are studied through the coupling of the MIKE 11 model and the MIKE SHE model. The hydrological changes in the Biliu River Basin are simulated. The coupled model is verified by monthly runoff data from 1996 to 2015, and the simulation values are found to be true. The values match well. Based on the cyclical pattern of precipitation and runoff in the Biliu River Basin, the rainfall and runoff data in the Biliu River Basin from 2016 to 2030 are derived. The MIKE SHE/MIKE 11 coupling model is used to predict the Biliu River from 2016 to 2030. The results show that flood disasters are expected to occur in August 2020, July 2025, and July 2030, which can provide a basis for hydrological management in the Biliu River Basin.

Ziyaret Gölet Havzası Akımlarında Tarımsal Uygulamalara Bağlı Olarak Cu++, Fe++, Zn++ ve Cl- içeriklerinin Zamansal Değişiminin Araştırılması

Tarımsal uygulamalar ve hızlı kentleşme, küçük kırsal havzaların su kalitesine yönelik ciddi tehditlere neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Ziyaret Göleti havzasında tarımsal uygulamalar ve bu uygulamaların su kalitesi üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, 2014 su yılı için havza akışlarının bazı kimyasal özellikleri (01 Ekim 2013 - 29 Eylül 2014) incelenmiştir. Havza akışlarının Cu+2, Fe+2, Zn+2 ve Cliçerikleri toplanan su numunelerinin analizi ile tanımlanmıştır. Havza akışları MIKE 11 NAM hidrolojik model yardımıyla tahmin edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, Cu 0.008-0.35 mgl-1, Fe 0.051-0.096 mg l-1, Zn 0.033-0.146 mg l-1, Cl 0.053-0.186 mgl-1 arasında değişmektedir. Havzadan günlük olarak taşınan kimyasalların miktarı havzanın günlük akışları dikkate alınarak hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplanan değerler Cu+ 20-25.41 kg gün-1, Fe+ 20-21.01 kg gün-1, Zn+2 0-22.15 kg gün-1 ve Cl- 0-22.57 kg gün-1. Sulama amacıyla yapılan Amasya Ziyaret Göleti'nin periyodik su kalitesi ile havzadaki tarımsal faaliyetler arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır.

Assessment of applicability of mike 11-nam hydrological module for rainfall runoff modelling in a poorly studied river basin

Introduction. The need to simulate hydrological processes is caused by, among other factors, the complexity of hydrological systems and data insufficiency due to the unavailability or a small number of instrumental observations. Recently, the reanalysis of the climate data supplied by the world’s leading meteorological centres has been used quite successfully in the regions that suffer from the deficit of instrumental information. This paper assesses the applicability of climate reanalysis data to rainfall runoff (“rainfall runoff”) modelling in the poorly studied river basin in Eritrea. Materials and methods. Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) data generated by the National Centre for Environmental Prediction (USA) were used. Besides, high-resolution topographic information, generated by the SRTM international research project, was also applied to set the drainage area boundaries and to simulate the river network using such tools as MIKE and GIS. In addition, calibration and validation (evaluation) of the hydrological model (simulation quality) were performed using the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency criterion, the determination coefficient, and the root mean square error of volumetric and peak flow rates. Results. The results suggest that a considerable overestimation of precipitation in the reanalysis data set, which in turn has a significant effect on other variables such as potential evapotranspiration, leads to a significant discrepancy between water balance values which are simulated and registered by the hydrographs. Conclusions. The applicability of Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) data to river flow modelling in arid and semi-arid regions such as Eritrea is questionable. The incompatibility of spatial and temporal variations of initial variables (e.g. precipitation), derived from reanalysis data sets and instrumental observations, is undoubtedly the main reason for errors. Thus, the application of reanalysis data sets and development of hydrological models for the region under study requires further intensive research aimed at identifying most effective mechanisms designated for the harmonization of differences between reanalysis data and field observations. In the course of further research, CFSR information is to be converted into more realistic data; climate reanalysis indicators, provided by other sources and designated for different time scales in the context of the “rainfall runoff” model are to be assessed, and the efficiency of other software systems is to be compared with MIKE 11-NAM.