Populasyon değişimş Antalya ili turunçgillerinde zararlı Turunçgil Pamuklu Beyazsineği Aleurothrixus floccosus maskell ve Turunçgil Beyazsineği Dialeurodes citri (ashmead) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) ile bazı doğal düşmanlarının populasyon gelişmeleri

Bu çalışmada iki beyazsinek türü (Aleurotrhrixus floccosus ve Dialeurodes citri) ile bazı doğal düşmanlarının (Chilocorus bipustulatus, Oenopia conglobata, Chrysoperla carnea, Cales noacki ve Encarsia lahorensis) populasyon değişimleri 2012 ve 2013 yıllarında Gıda, Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı’na bağlı, BATEM (Batı Akdeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü)’in mandarin, altıntop, washington portakal, yafa portakal ve limon bahçelerinde incelenmiştir. Örneklemelerde beyazsinek nimflerinin populasyon değişimini belirlemek için iki farklı örnekleme metodu kullanılmıştır. Yaprak örneklemeleriyle sürdürülen bu metodlar rastgele örnekleme ve yönlendirilmiş örnekleme yöntemleridir. Çok az yaprak üstünde kümülatif bir dağılım gösterdiği için A. floccosus’da yönlendirilmiş örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Nispeten daha çok yaprak üstünde ve rasgele bir dağılım gösterdiği için D. citri için rastgele örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bunlara ilaveten sarı yapışkan tuzaklar kullanarak ergin populasyon yoğunlukları belirlenmiştir. İlk ergin uçuşlarının mart sonu- nisan ayının ilk haftasında görüldüğü D. citri ve A. floccosus’un haziran ayında populasyon yoğunluğunun arttığı görülmüştür. Aynı şekilde zararlıların nisan ayında yumurta bırakmaya başladığı ve eylül ayına kadar yumurta bırakmaya devam ettiği, kışı nimf veya pupa döneminde geçirdiği saptanmıştır.

Data on biology and ecology of Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni Tozzetti) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on fruit trees in the Peloponnese

The study was conducted In Kalamata, Messinia, province of the Peloponnese, where infestations of Pseudauacaspis pentagona (Targioni Tozzetti) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) were found on kiwi trees Actinidia deliciosa (Actinidiaceae), peach trees Prunus persica (Rosaceae) and mulberry trees Morus alba (Moraceae). Data on biology and ecology of the scale were recorded by samplings of infested branches of mulberry trees and by examining them in the laboratory, during the years 2016-2018. Pseudaulacaspis pentagona is an oviparous and amphigonic species. The fecundity of the scale fluctuated between 97 and 133 eggs per female. In the area of Kalamata it completed 3 generations per year and overwintered as mated pre-ovipositing female. The main natural enemies of P. pentagona recorded in the area of Kalamata are the coccinellid predators: Chilocorus bipustulatus (L.) and Rhyzobius lophanthae Blaisdell.

Ecological data of Lepidosaphes gloverii (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in Greece

In June 2001 the scale Lepidosaphes gloverii (Packard) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) was found on orange trees in Peloponnesus, Gastouni area, (Southwestern Greece). From the day it was first recorded until August 2003 observations on orange trees were held both in field and laboratory, concerning the biology and ecology of this scale. L. gloνerii infests mainly the upper surface of the leaves and the fruits and less the shoots of the tree. During the period April to August 2002 the scale completed 3 overlapping generations. Female fecundity ranged between 32 and 57 eggs. Chilocorus bipustulatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Rhyzobius lophanthae Blaisdell (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) predators were found to feed upon this scale. In Ju1y 2002 a mass release of those predators took place on infested orange trees. To assess the action of these predators, observations were conducted in both field (by shaking the branches of the trees and counting the number of the predators) and laboratory (by counting the predated scales found on leaves). The release of predators contributed to the decrease of infestation density of trees. C. bipustulatus developed significantly higher populations than R. lophanthae.

The scale insect Dynaspidiotus abietis (Schrank) on Abies cephalonica (Pinaceae)

Data on phenology and morphology of the scale insect Dynaspidiotus abietis (Schrank) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), found on fir trees Abies cephalonica (Pinaceae) on mount Taygetos (Peloponnesus - southern Greece), are presented. The species is biparental and oviparous. During this study (June 2004 – August 2006) D. abietis completed one generation per year. It overwintered as mated pre-ovipositing female adult. Ovipositions were recorded from May to July. The majority of the hatches of the crawlers were observed in June. Predated individuals of the scale which were found during the study period were attributed to the presence of the predator Chilocorus bipustulatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).

دراسات مختبرية حول تأثير الكثافات السكانية للحشرة القشرية Parlatoria blanchardi في الاداء الحياتي للمفترس Chilocorus bipustulatus

نفذت هذه الدراسة لغرض تسليط الضوء على تأثير الكثافات السكانية للحشرة القشرية Parlatoria blanchardi في الاداء الحياتي للمفترس Chilocorus bipustulatu . اوضحت النتائج أن مدة الدور اليرقي تناسبت عكسيا مع الكثافات السكانية للحشرة القشرية أذ بلغت 20 يوما كمعدل عند الكثافة السكانية 80 حورية بينما أزدادت لتبلغ 33.5 يوما كمعدل عند الكثافة السكانية 25 حورية وبفروق معنوية عند مستوى احتمال 0.05 فيما لم تستطع اليرقات أكمال عمرها اليرقي الاول عند تربيتها على الكثافة السكانية 10 حورية .بينما تناسبت الكفاءة الافتراسية للدور اليرقي ونسب البقاء للمفترس طردياً مع الكثافات السكانية للحشرة القشرية اذ بلغت 634.6 حورية / يوماً كمعدل ونسب البقاء 40 %عند الكثافة السكانية25 حورية وازدادت لتبلغ معدل 1530.3 حورية / يوماً ونسبة البقاء 60 وبفارق معنوي. وأوضحت النتائج بأن احسن كثافة للفريسة يمكن أن تربى عليها اليرقات المفترس هي 65 حورية لان طول مدة الدور اليرقي هي اقل مايمكن وبأعلى نسبة بقاء وعدم فرقها معنوياً عن تربيتها بالكثافة السكانية 80 حورية.

First record of Kermes echinatus on Quercus ilex

The scale insect Kermes echinatus Balachowsky (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae) was recorded on Quercus ilex in November 2012 in Kalamata and in December of the same year on the same host species in Athens. Quercus ilex is recorded for the first time as the host of this scale. This scale is first recorded in continental Greece. The population of the scale in both areas consisted mainly of first instar nymphs, whereas in Kalamata individuals of the scale in advanced developmental stages were recorded. Preliminary studies indicate that natural enemies are active against K. echinatus. Moultings of larvae and pupae and adults of Chilocorus bipustulatus L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were found on colonies of the scale. Parasitoid exit holes were recorded on female adults of the scale. Some data on morphology and infestation of the scale on Q. ilex are given.

Flight period of some parasitoids and a predator of the olive black scale (Saissetia oleae Olivier) on Corfu island

The time of year the adults (flight period) of the parasitoids of S. oleae: Μetaphycus helvolus, Μetaphycus lounsburyi, Scutelista cyanea and Moranila californica and the predator Chilocorus bipustulatus are present, was determined in three areas of Corfu island: Lima, Kontocali and Avliotes. M. helvolus apparently has two flight periods: the first is from A­pril till July and the second from November till December. All the other natural enemies have only one flight period per year. The flight period of M. lounsburyi is from April till August, while S. cyanea flies from August till the end of September or the first days of Oc­tober, and M. californica adults are present from July till the middle of December. Adults of C. bipustulatus appeared from July till December or the middle of January.