Rational Design of Carborane-Based Cu2-paddle wheel Coordination Polymers for Increased Hydrolytic Stability

A new unsymmetric carborane based dicarboxylic linker provided a 1D Cu2-paddle wheel coordination polymer (2) with much higher hydrolytic stability than the corresponding 2D Cu2-paddle wheel polymer (1), obtained from...

Optimization of Paddle Wheel Aeration, a preliminary study of Integrated Smart Aquaculture System

The paddlewheel aerator is one of the supporting facilities in the intensive aquaculture pond system. Assuming all the land uses an intensive cultivation system, more than two million paddlewheels worth more than 10 trillion will be needed by 2024. Currently, all paddlewheels are produced abroad or imported. This is very unfortunate considering the vast market potential. This paper discussed a preliminary study of developing paddlewheel aeration for shrimp ponds using an integrated intelligent aquaculture system to support intensification. Two paddlewheel aerators with modifications in the gearbox have been successfully installed. Based on the observation and user’s testimony, the newly installed paddlewheel was quite good, the sound of the motor was smooth, then the flow range was longer, the coverage area was more expansive than the existing waterwheel. This research would be a foundation for intelligent paddlewheel aeration design that can be developed domestically to support local industry in Indonesia.

Performance and Energy Consumption of Paddle Wheel Aerator Driven by Brushless DC Motor and AC Motor: A Preliminary Study

Energy demand for paddle wheel aerator in a shrimp pond is high and brings to second highest cost of operational behind feed supply. Most of wheel aerators are driven by electric motors than diesel engines as their easy operations. The electric motors need high electrical energy to drive wheel aerators along day and night. The common type of motor used is Alternating Current (AC) or induction motor, however Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motor has potential electrical energy saving which need to be explored. This study objectives to find out performance of BLDC and AC motor as paddle wheel aerator driver. The motor’s performances were compared in term of operation of paddle wheel at various static loads. Both motor also challenged by On/Off running every 5 minutes, the treatment goal was to determine their reliability. Parameters observed included consumption of power, wheel rotary, torque, and efficiency, motor temperature as well. Results showed energy consumption of BLDC motor 51% lower than AC motor, and BLDC motor attained 89.99% of maximum efficiency while AC motor efficiency had 73.16%, however rotary wheel and torque both of them were similar. The On/Off treatment caused rising temperature of AC motor but did not affect the temperature of BLDC motor. Therefore, applied BLDC motor as paddle wheel aerator driver could be alternative way to reduce energy consumption without reducing its performance.

Transferencia de oxígeno en agua anóxica utilizando un dispositivo de aireadores de rueda de paletas a bajas revoluciones

The reduction of dissolved oxygen (DO) in water is associated with the effect of climate change. The lack of oxygen in water bodies directly affects the biological species present in different shallow water bodies such as swamps and wetlands, as well as in aquaculture processes. An optimal value in the DO concentration favors the reproduction of these biological species present in both artificial and natural environments. For this, various equipment has been developed to favor the increase of DO in the water to acceptable values. However, some of these systems are expensive, energy inefficient, and noisy which generate adverse impacts in aquatic ecosystems due to perturbances in the water. This study measures the efficiency (KgO2·kWh-1) of introducing DO into the water using a paddle wheel aerator system at low RPMs destined for shallow bodies of water. Tests were performed on anoxic water samples using aerators with 6, 12, and 24 paddles at the laboratory level. By increasing the voltage (6, 9, and 12V), the RPMs applied to each device through a geared motor is also increased. The results show a higher DO transfer rate in the 1 and 5 mg of O2·L-1 range. The best configuration concerning energy consumption worked at low RPMs using the 6-paddle wheel aerator at 6V. This establishes that, in addition to the management of low revolutions, the use of a smaller number of wheels favors an increase in efficiency during the DO restoration process in shallow water bodies.