Pull-Up Effect Correction and Oil In Place Sensitivity Test by Comparing Velocity Model Method in JAX-Field, Offshore North West Java

The pull-up effect is the condition of lithology elevated in seismic imaging because of rapid seismic wave propagation through carbonate build-up on it. Pull-up effect conditions can lead to misinterpretation, so it needs to be corrected until the actual geological conditions are obtained. This research was conducted in the JAX-field working area of PT Pertamina Hulu Energi ONWJ. The target reservoirs of this study are in the Main (Upper Cibulakan) Formation under the Carbonate Parigi Formation. The reflectors of the target reservoirs show pull-up effect in time domain seismic data. Thus, building a velocity model for velocity anomaly correction is needed to reduce uncertainty for structure maps and oil in place calculation. The method of correcting the pull-up effect in this study uses three variations of the velocity model: variation structurally controlled model, variation RMS velocity with well control, variation calibrated RMS velocities model. The three variations of the velocity model result can correct the pull-up effect on JAX-Field. Velocity model with variation RMS velocity with well control had the lowest error with 17,31 feet average of depth difference with actual depth from well. Based on three velocity models, the value of original oil in place on the JAX-32 reservoir surface had a range of 59,14-84,59 mmbo, while on the JAX-35A surface has a range of 27,77-31,23 mmbo. These values can be considered in reserve calculation sensitivity.

The Social Facts of 1982’s Lebanese War in A’tuna Tufuli Song by Remi Bandali: Riffaterre’s Semiotic Analysis

<p>This research aims to reveal the social facts that happened in 1982’s Lebanese War in A'tuna Tufuli’s song by Remi Bandali. This song explains the hope of children who affected by war. It relates to the incident when the song composed, namely the 1982’s Lebanese War between Israel and Palestinian refugees so there are social facts reflected in it. The disclosure of social facts in this research will be analyzed by Semiotic Riffaterre theory. The research method is hereustic and hermeneutic readings to explain the meaning in the lyrics of the song. After that, the meaning of the lyrics will be analyzed by model, variation, matrix and hypogram for every verse of the song to describe how the social facts exist in society. The research shows the data from the lyrics of A’Tuna Tufuli’s song by Remi Bandali is not only a hope for children, but as a reflection of cruelty and chaos of colonialism against society in the 1982’s Lebanese War.</p>

Bilingual acquisition of reference: The role of language experience, executive functions and cross-linguistic effects

The present study aims to understand which factors contribute to different patterns of use of referring expressions by bilingual children, by considering the triangulation between language experience and proficiency, executive functions and cross-linguistic effects. We analyze reference use in Greek in the context of a narrative elicitation task as performed by 125 children of different language combinations, including Greek–Albanian, Greek–English and Greek–German. We calculate, for each child, an index of language experience that combines a proficiency measure with background questionnaire information. After identifying the occurrences of underinformative (underspecified) and overinformative (overspecified) referring expressions in the production of each child, we investigate to what extent each pattern of reference use is affected by language experience, cross-linguistic effects and executive functions. The study aims to shed some new light on the nature of overspecification and underspecification in bilingual reference production and, more in general, to model variation in reference use among bilingual children.

SPE Approach for Robust Estimation of SIR Model with Limited and Noisy Data: The Case for COVID-19

The SIR model and its variants are widely used to predict the progress of COVID-19 worldwide, despite their rather simplistic nature. Nevertheless, robust estimation of the SIR model presents a significant challenge, particularly with limited and possibly noisy data in the initial phase of the pandemic. K-means algorithm is used to perform a cluster analysis of the top ten countries with the highest number of COVID-19 cases, to observe if there are any significant differences among countries in terms of robustness. As a result of model variation tests, the robustness of parameter estimates is found to be particularly problematic in developing countries. The incompatibility of parameter estimates with the observed characteristics of COVID-19 is another potential problem. Hence, a series of research questions are visited. We propose a SPE (“Single Parameter Estimation”) approach to circumvent these potential problems if the basic SIR is the model of choice, and we check the robustness of this new approach by model variation and structured permutation tests. Dissemination of quality predictions is critical for policy and decision-makers in shedding light on the next phases of the pandemic.