Abstract
G. physocarpus is a shrub, widely naturalized in tropical, subtropical and semiarid ecosystems. It commonly grows as a weed in waste places, disturbed sites, open woodlands, grasslands, wetlands, and along roadsides and it is also planted as an ornamental in gardens, yards and parks (Wagner et al., 1999; Motooka et al., 2003; Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, 2011). In Hawaii and Australia, this species has been recorded invading active pastures and sugarcane plantations as well as coastal and dry forests (Motooka et al., 2003; Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, 2011). Features such as high drought tolerance, fast-growing, weedy behaviour, and wind-dispersed seeds are factors facilitating the invasion of this species into new habitats. In addition, each plant produces large numbers of small seeds which are successfully dispersed by wind aided by the tuft of silky hairs attached to each seed (Notten, 2010). Currently, G. physocarpus is listed as invasive in Hawaii, French Polynesia, the Canary Islands, New Caledonia, China and Australia and as potentially invasive in Cuba, Jamaica, India and Italy (Oviedo Prieto et al., 2012; DAISIE, 2014; PIER, 2014; USDA-ARS, 2014).