Cognitive component diagnostics of the future primary school teachers readiness to design educational content

The article focuses on the issue of training primary school teachers to design educational content. The cognitive component of the readiness formation and its criteria are described. The criterion-level characteristic of this component is presented, consisting of three levels: high, medium and primary. Diagnostics of the readiness cognitive component primary school teachers to design educational content is shown. Primary school teachers cognitive component diagnostics methods of the readiness to design educational content are demonstrated and its results are demonstrated. The procedure for applying the methods of questioning, testing, and activity products analysis for the diagnosis of the cognitive component is presented. It is concluded that it is necessary to organize purposeful work on the formation of this component in the training primary school teachers process in a pedagogical University.

Application of duality theory to solve two-criteria problem of linear programming for ecological-economic system

In the paper, we investigate two-criterion optimization problem: maximization of one target function and minimization of another target function. To solve the offered two-criterion problem, the method of the main criterion is applied. We consider the problem of production activity of the ecological-economic system with the maximization of the value of the final product as the first target function and the minimization of emissions of polluters into the environment as the second target function. We constructed of two production functions (economic and ecological). To construct the economic production function, we select maximal producing of the final products in a costing form as the most essential (main) criterion. Also, there is introduced the appropriate data of the criterion level total volume of emissions of polluters into the environment. After this two-criteria problem is reduced to one-criteria problem. For the construction of ecological production function, the main criterion in the problem of the minimal general volume of emissions of polluters into the environment is defined. We use a parameter of the criterion level of the second criterion and obtained one-criterion problem. Therefore, investigation of the appropriate dual problems explicitly provides economic and ecological production functions to the deduced one-criterion problems. These functions in input two-criterion problem give way to optimal manage of ecological-economic system.

Challenging a Statistic: Why should we accept that 60 percent of adult Australians have low health literacy?

This paper briefly considers Australia’s only national health survey published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) in 2008 which has been widely referenced within the health sector. The main issue discussed is the use of a criterion level (level 3) to determine the point below which nearly 60 percent of Australian adults can be considered to have inadequate health literacy. The argument is made that this criterion level is arbitrary and statistically unjustified, yet it serves the purpose of presenting health literacy as a ‘crisis’ demanding action, which in turn represents the interests of dominant groups in this globalised, neo-liberal era.