The Factors of Marriage Dissolution Between Hearing Impairment Couple at Melaka Syariah Court

The dissolution of marriage which occurs between Muslim married couple in Malaysia shall be referred to the Syariah Court either it is between typical couples or between couple with disabilities. However, couple with disabilities faces quite different challenges compared to typical couple in maintaining relationship. The article aims to identify the factors of marriage dissolution between hearing impairment couple registered at Malacca Syariah Court. The study uses the qualitative and interview research methodologies to identify conflicts in relationship confronted by hearing impairment couple which leads to dissolution of marriage. It is found that there are seven factors of marriage dissolution among hearing impairment couple which are the communication problem, lack of knowledge regarding Islamic Family Law, the intervention of family members in marital disputes, inadequate pre-marriage course, no specific marriage course through the period of marriage as well as post-marriage course for hearing impairment spouse. The implication of research discovers that all these courses shall be review in order to prevent escalated divorce rate among hearing impairment couple. Abstrak Setiap perceraian yang berlaku di antara pasangan berkahwin Muslim di Malaysia mestilah dirujuk kepada Mahkamah Syariah sama ada pasangan suami isteri tipikal ataupun pasangan Orang Kurang Upaya (OKU). Bagi golongan OKU pendengaran, cabaran yang dihadapi dalam meneruskan kehidupan rumahtangga walaubagaimanapun agak berbeza berbanding golongan tipikal. Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti faktor-faktor pembubaran perkahwinan antara pasangan OKU pendengaran yang didaftarkan di Mahkamah Syariah Negeri Melaka. Kajian menggunakan kaedah temu bual untuk mengenal pasti masalah pasangan OKU pendengaran yang membawa kepada pembubaran perkahwinan. Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat enam faktor pembubaran perkahwinan antara pasangan OKU pendengaran iaitu masalah komunikasi, kurang pendedahan tentang ilmu Undang-Undang Keluarga Islam, campur tangan ahli keluarga dalam masalah rumahtangga, kursus Pra-Perkahwinan yang dianjurkan tidak bersesuaian, tiada kursus khusus sepanjang tempoh perkahwinan dan tiada kursus pasca perkahwinan khusus bagi pasangan OKU Pendengaran. Implikasi dari kajian mendapati bahawa kursus-kursus khas tersebut perlu dikaji semula bagi mengurangkan kadar perceraian dalam kalangan pasangan OKU pendengaran.

Marriage Dissolution (Divorce) – A Comparison Overview: Albania, Kosovo, Macedonia

The research includes the marriage dissolution and its consequences, which constitute today one of the most debated topics, considering not only the significant increase of the number of divorces in years, but also the trends in recent years in some European countries. Thus, this paper presents the hypothesis as follows: The Institute of dissolution of marriage in Albanian, Kosovo and Macedonian Law which preserves and must preserve the balance between the contractual freedom of the spouses and the court's intervention to dissolve the marriage in order to avoid abuses that may result from the "privatization" of the marriage dissolution and its consequences. Taking the cause precisely from the latter, the question arises whether the dissolution of marriage, as the institution that lies between private and public law, should be given priority to the solutions offered by the spouses ("the privatization of the institution"), or should public law be governed by the regulation of the institution, in the context of the special protection that the marriage and family enjoy by the State? From what is said above it is necessary to analyze by comparative approach the normative framework, legal doctrine and the case studies of these countries, regarding the dissolution of the marriage and the consequences it brings. The European countries and the tendency to harmonize family law in Europe will serve as orientation point to analyze the solutions currently offered by Albanian, Kosovo and Macedonian law as well as to provide the necessary recommendations. In particular, the subject of analysis is the reasons for the dissolution of marriage, the ways and the procedural aspects of its solution, the consequences on both personally and property terms between the spouses.

THE LEGAL FUTURE OF A WILL IN FAVOR OF THE SPOUSE IN MARRIAGE DISSOLUTION (PART ONE)

A fairly common practice in the field of civil trafficking is the situation when one of the spouses in his lifetime makes a will in favor of the other spouse. However, marriage between spouses can subsequently be dissolved. And on this basis, the question of the subsequent legal fate of the drawn up will quite naturally arises. What will happen to such a will? Will it automatically become effective upon dissolution of the marriage, or does the ex-spouse have to make a separate act to cancel or amend his earlier will? And what will happen to the will if the testator spouse enters into a new marriage? It is the search for answers to these questions that this article is devoted to.

Procedencia de exequatur de sentencia extranjera de divorcio dictada en rebeldía del demandado: comentario al auto de la Audiencia Provincial de Tarragona, de 21 de enero de 2019 = The recognition and enforcement of foreign divorce judgment rendered in absentia of the defendant: notes to the judicial decree of the Provincial Court of Tarragona, of January 21, 2019

Resumen: El presente comentario analiza el Auto dictado por la Audiencia Provincial de Tarragona en referencia a la obligación, impuesta por el Derecho internacional privado español, de aplicar los Tratados internacionales en los que España sea parte a fin de homologar las resoluciones judiciales extranjeras relativas a divorcio. En particular, si se trata de un divorcio en el que el demandado ha sido declarado en rebeldía.Palabras clave: apelación, exequátur, sentencia extranjera, auto, rebeldía demandado.Abstract: This paper analyzes the Act of the Spanish Court of Appel of Tarragona about the recognition and enforcement of the Judgment of Court of Morocco about a marriage dissolution. The comment refers to the obligation, imposed by the Spanish international private law, to apply the international treaties to which Spain is a party in order to enforcement foreign judicial decisions about divorce, specially, when de defendant is in absentia in the procedure.Keywords: exequatur procedure, appeal, marriage dissolution, divorce, international treaties.

Kanoniczne procesy małżeńskie a prawo polskie

The article shows individual marital processes which can be carried out according to the norms of the Code of Canon Law. The author describes matrimonium non existens, nullity process, processus brevior, separation in marriage, a trial in case of the death of a spouse, matrimonium ratum et non consummatum, marriage dissolution in favorem fidei. The relationship between church courts and state courts in matrimonial matters is also described. The analyses included in the thesis show that regardless of the existence of many similarities, the described procedures are two different proceedings, whose aim was to describe interactions between spouses.

Reconocimiento y ejecución parcial de resoluciones judiciales extranjeras y orden público en la Ley de Cooperación Jurídica Internacional en materia civil. Comentario al auto de la Audiencia Provincial de Gipuzkoa (Seccion 2ª) núm. 120/2018, de 9 de marzo = Partial recognition and enforcement of foreign decisions and public order under the Spanish Act on International Judicial Cooperation in civil matters. Comment on the act of the Spanish Court of Appeal of Gipuzkoa (Section 2) number 120/2018, Of 9th march

Resumen: En el presente Auto la Audiencia Provincial de Gipuzkoa otorga el exequatur a una Sentencia de divorcio dictada por el Tribunal Jaafarita Religioso de Saida del Líbano con la excepción de determinados convenios considerados contrarios al orden público.Palabras clave: Exequatur, ley de cooperación jurídica internacional, divorcio, orden público, reconocimiento parcial.Abstract: This paper analyzes the Act of the Spanish Court of Appel of Gipuzkoa about the recognition and enforcement of the Judgment of Court Jaafarita of Saida (Libano) about a marriage dissolution.Keywords: Exequatur, partial enforcement, Spanish Act on International judicial cooperation, marriage dissolution, public order.