Flavor mixing of quarks and a new texture

The flavor mixing of the quarks is described by the CKM matrix, which is parametrized by three mixing angles and one phase parameter. We discuss a new texture for the two mass matrices of the six quarks. The three flavor mixing angles can be calculated — they are functions of the ratios of the quark masses. The third mixing angle is given by the CKM matrix element [Formula: see text]. We find: [Formula: see text]. The calculated mixing angles agree with the mixing angles, measured in many experiments.

A state-dependent hypoplastic model for methane hydrate-bearing sands

The mechanical behaviors of methane hydrate-bearing sands (MHBS) are largely affected by the presence of methane hydrate, temperature, and pore pressure. In this study, we present a simple hypoplastic model for MHBS. Methane hydrate saturation is included as a state parameter affecting the mechanical behaviors of MHBS. A new phase parameter is introduced to account for the coupled effects of temperature and pore pressure on the mechanical behaviors of MHBS. The phase parameter can be determined by a simple function of temperature and pore pressure. Comparison of the predictions with experiments shows that the model is able to capture the salient behaviors of MHBS.

Effects of partial measurements on quantum resources and quantum Fisher information of a teleported state in a relativistic scenario

We address the teleportation of single- and two-qubit quantum states, parametrized by weight θ and phase ϕ parameters, in the presence of the Unruh effect experienced by a mode of a free Dirac field. We investigate the effects of the partial measurement (PM) and partial measurement reversal (PMR) on the quantum resources and quantum Fisher information (QFI) of the teleported states. In particular, we discuss the optimal behaviour of the QFI, quantum coherence (QC) as well as fidelity with respect to the PM and PMR strength and examine the effect of the Unruh noise on optimal estimation. It is found that, in the single-qubit scenario, the PM (PMR) strength at which the optimal estimation of the phase parameter occurs is the same as the PM (PMR) strength with which the teleportation fidelity and the QC of the teleported single-qubit state reaches its maximum value. On the other hand, generalizing the results to two-qubit teleportation, we find that the encoded information in the weight parameter is better protected against the Unruh noise in two-qubit teleportation than in the one-qubit scenario. However, extraction of information encoded in the phase parameter is more efficient in single-qubit teleportation than in the two-qubit version.

On the existence and uniqueness of solution to a stochastic 2D Allen–Cahn–Navier–Stokes model

We study, in this paper, a stochastic version of a coupled Allen–Cahn–Navier–Stokes model in a two-dimensional (2D) bounded domain. The model consists of the Navier–Stokes equations (NSEs) for the velocity, coupled with a Allen–Cahn model for the order (phase) parameter. We prove the existence and the uniqueness of a variational solution.