A recepção de Ludovico Ariosto e Torquato Tasso na épica feminina portuguesa: as epopeias de Soror Maria de Mesquita Pimentel

O presente artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a dívida que a poesia épica conventual feminina portuguesa contrai em relação a poesia épica produzida em Itália, nomeadamente com os poemas de Ludovico Ariosto e de Torquato Tasso. Nesse sentido, pretende-se demonstrar como os poemas épico-bíblicos de Soror Maria de Mesquita Pimentel, isto é, o Memorial da Infância de Cristo (1639), o Memorial dos Milagres de Cristo (editado em 2014) e o Memorial da Paixão de Cristo (inédito), reflete e dialoga com o Orlando Furioso e a Gerusalemme Liberata. Conclui-se que os poemas de Soror Mesquita Pimentel estabelecem com estes poemas italianos relações intertextuais que corroboram o quão fecunda foi a fortuna de Ariosto e Tasso em Portugal, a ponto de serem conhecidos entre os muros da clausura feminina.

"Abrevia su hermosura virgen rosa": en torno a un símil de la Soledad primera

El presente estudio examina un pasaje de la Soledad primera a la luz de las prácticas de la imitatio. En el análisis del símil de la rosa se identifica el modelo subyacente (una comparación engastada en un soneto laudatorio de Torquato Tasso) así como algunos procedimientos de ocultamiento y potenciación expresiva característicos de la praxis gongorina.

Maß (Moderation, Measure)

This entry on Maß (moderation, measure) explores a concept that has not received much attention in Goethe scholarship and makes a case for its usefulness and versatility in tracking how Goethe addresses a philosophical issue with a history stretching at least back to Aristotle’s conception of “the golden mean.” It shows how Goethe’s writings respond to numerous issues connected with the concept of moderation, ranging from the problem of self-moderation, when an individual’s own internal calibration comes in conflict with societal norms, to the more theoretical question of how to define the correct standard of measure (Maßstab). The discussion of moderation in Goethe’s work is, to be sure, coupled with its opposite, namely the potentially deadly threat of immoderation and excess, such as one finds in Die Leiden des jungen Werthers (1774; The Sorrows of Young Werther), Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre (1795; Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeship), and Torquato Tasso (1790). Such potential conflicts, which also raise questions of where to position the standard of measure (Maßstab) of behavior, lead naturally into contexts of scientific experimentation, as in Goethe’s essay “Der Versuch als Vermittler von Objekt und Subjekt” (1792; The Experiment as Mediator of Object and Subject), where such standards take on a different valence from their role in mathematically based natural sciences. In addition, Goethe’s novel, Die Wahlverwandtschaften (1809; Elective Affinities), provides a poetic model where conflicts between individually and socially calibrated notions of measure and moderation play out with major ethical consequences. The entry concludes with a reflection on different kinds of aesthetic experience, each with its particular understanding of Maß: the individual’s appreciation of the sublime, the theatrical performance, and the embodiment of the self through poetic meter. Throughout these examples, the entry will underscore the role of narrative constraints: regardless of whether the medium is prose or poetry, one finds that questions of Maß as moderation in Goethe’s writings are often accompanied by questions of narrative control and excess. The following overview and analysis of Maß in Goethe’s writing will show that this term is a nodal point of ethical, epistemological, and aesthetic concerns.

Entre o cristianismo e uma tradição forjada: a Jerusalén conquistada, de Lope de Vega

Este artigo tem como objetivo localizar a Jerusalén conquistada de Lope de Vega dentro de sua produção religiosa e dos Séculos de Ouro na Espanha. Publicada em 1609, a Jerusalén é fruto do mais ambicioso projeto de Lope de Vega, escritor espanhol famoso pelo teatro, mas que escreveu diversos poemas épicos entre o final do século XVI e nas primeiras décadas do XVII. Lançando mão do modelo italiano de Torquato Tasso, com sua Gerusalemme liberata (1581), Lope construiu sua narrativa para enaltecer a corte espanhola dos Austrias e, ao mesmo tempo, para adquirir em solo espanhol o status que Luís de Camões havia alcançado em Portugal.

Madrigals, Part 6

Il sesto libro de madrigali a cinque voci, Marco da Gagliano's final book in the genre, was published in 1617, nine years after its predecessor. In the book's dedication Gagliano indicated that its music was composed the year before, and not earlier in the gap between the two books. Book 6 was popular enough that it was reprinted in 1620, and although he lived another twenty-six years, Gagliano published no more madrigals. There are sixteen compositions in the book, fourteen of them by Gagliano, one by Lodovico Arrighetti, and one by an unnamed composer who was most certainly Ferdinando Gonzaga, duke of Mantua. The poets now recognized as authors of the texts are Giovanni Battista Guarini, Torquato Tasso, Francesco Petrarca, Ottavio Rinuccini, Gabriello Chiabrera, Gasparo Murtola, and Antonio Ongaro. In the diversity of their style, the madrigals of the Sesto libro provide a conspectus of the compositional craft evinced in Gagliano's earlier books: now the rush and brevity of canzonetta-influenced madrigals like those in the fourth and fifth books stand next to madrigals with the more traditional manner of text setting so often found in his first three books. There is also a drinking song that alternates duets with a refrain and a seven-voiced concertato piece, both taken from Medici court entertainments. One of the most telling madrigals in the book, “Filli, mentre ti bacio,” is an abbreviation and a recasting of the madrigal as it appears in his Primo libro, thereby disclosing the remarkable change in Gagliano's aesthetic thinking about the genre during the fifteen years that lie between his first and last books. Shortly after the appearance of the Sesto libro, a vicious attack on its madrigals and on Gagliano himself was made by Mutio Effrem. Although its condemnation of the book on theoretical grounds is misguided and without merit, Effrem's Censure seems to have damaged Gagliano's standing in Florence and to some degree may have influenced his decision to abandon the genre.

«Nato ed allevato in Corte»: Torquato Tasso

Con un’attenta analisi del dialogo Il Malpiglio overo della Corte il saggio descrive le continuità e le trasformazioni del discorso cortigiano attraverso il Cinquecento, da Castiglione a Tasso.

Critical philology and Dante’s Commedia: A couple of thoughts and a few examples

Not only literary students, but also well-known scholars share the idea that the reconstruction of a text is a routine job which leaves little room for creativity. After some 40 years during which I have edited or prepared the edition of works of Machiavelli ( Discorso intorno alla nostra lingua), Pietro Aretino ( Cortegiana) and Torquato Tasso ( Aminta), and 17 years devoted to the textual transmission and the text of Dante’s Commedia, I think that, except for the first phases of the job, textual editing requires almost constant critical thought and interpretation. I shall present a little series of examples, mostly from Dante’s Commedia, with cases ranging from decisions in the realm of accidentals to rather complicated choices among competing substantial readings and to the risky enterprise of emendation against all the witnesses of the work. While these examples can give an idea of the novelty of some solutions of my forthcoming edition (the introduction and Inferno will appear in the summer of 2021), in my view, they seem to confirm the opinion of the great classical philologist Giorgio Pasquali, for whom textual criticism isn’t mechanical; it is methodical.

Cervantes’s Sources and Influences

Cervantes’s literary works reference a complex set of ancient, medieval, and early modern sources. Having been raised with a humanist education, Cervantes would have been familiar with many classical writes, such as Homer and Virgil, as well as European writers who lived and worked closer to his own time, such as Torquato Tasso and Mateo Alemán. This chapter does not pretend to be exhaustive in its treatment of Cervantes’s sources, but it does offer the reader a guide to many of the most important influences on Cervantes’s literary production from Spain, early modern Europe, and classical antiquity.