Jesuit Upbringing as Prevention Against Fundamentalism, Bigotry and Pharisaism

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The objective of the work is presenting the pseudoreligion F hypothesis created by a Czech theologian, sociologist and philosopher Tomáš Halík. The second part of the text presents the challenges of Jesuit upbringing which can be understood as a possible strategy and prevention against the pseudoreligion F. RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS:Pseudoreligion F is a hypothesis through which Tomáš Halík interprets similarities among several pathological phenomena of the contemporary social culture as well as Christian religiosity. The key solution is the critical education and dialogue. It is the system of Jesuit education that can be understood as a tested preventive strategy. Critical analysis of the beginnings of Jesuit education shows that this is still a valid method of teaching and upbringing. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION:In the first part of the work, the pseudoreligion F hypothesis was presented, as well as some related theses. The objective of the first part is describing the sociological and philosophical criticism of contemporary religious pathologies. In the second part of the text, we will focus on the key tasks and challenges of Jesuit pedagogy. RESEARCH RESULTS:Contemporary religious pathologies threaten Christianity as they distort the ideals of the Gospel to achieve short-term goals. In the context of Christianity, such pathologies also include clericalism and, more broadly, pharisaism. Critical thinking about these issues encourages us to search for strategies that can help “extinguish the fire.” One of such strategies is integral humanist education which is also represented by Jesuit education. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS: Despite the ambiguity of this term, critical thinking is considered to be the key tool for preventing fanaticism, fundamentalism, extremism, etc. The research is to show that critical education mainly refers to the complexity and integral anthropological line. Education and Jesuit education has a rich tradition based on the Ignatian and Jesuit spirituality.

Jacob Ṣemaḥ, Humanist

Jacob Ṣemaḥ (ca. 1578–1667), an erudite physician-kabbalist, was raised amongst the conversos of Viana de Caminha in northwest Portugal. He fled the country in his mid-thirties to live openly as a Jew, arriving first in Salonica. Ṣemaḥ was responsible for the consolidation of the Lurianic literary corpus in the second third of the seventeenth century. His contribution, I argue, should be situated in the broader context of a scholarly curriculum vitae that began decades before his flight from Portugal, as Ṣemaḥ embraced Jewish life as a humanist. Coupled with his natural gifts and genius, Ṣemaḥ’s humanist education served him remarkably well in his new life. The interesting question is therefore not “how might he have learned Torah in Portugal” but “how did his Portuguese educational background affect—indeed, effect may be the more apt term—his Jewish scholarship?”

Education and the Postmodern Subject in Neoliberal Society and the Possibilities of Emancipation by Paulo Freire’s Pedagogy

Background: In a society increasingly marked by the logic of contemporary capitalism, education becomes an instrument for the reproduction of alienated labour forces. Objectives: To provide an overview of the characteristics of subjectivity and attitudes of the postmodern subject based on the studies of Fredric Jameson and David Harvey; unveiling the development of techniques for producing more effective ways of subjecting the company culture to neoliberal rationality described by Pierre Dardot and Christian Laval and their influences on the formation of contemporary identities; reflect on the role of education, in particular of scientific education, in overcoming the state of alienation brought about by the capitalist system of neoliberal societies. Design: Articulation between exploratory and bibliographic research, articulated with the theoretical frameworks of Paulo Freire’s critical theory and pedagogy. Settings and Participants: Given the typology of the research carried out, articles, books and documents about the capitalist system in neoliberal societies, the educational legislation and Paulo Freire’s pedagogy. Data Collection and analysis: Critical reflection on the texts consulted and included in the research. Results: There is a relationship between the subjects constituted from the marketing logic and the role of the school as a reproducer of mechanisms of subjugation to the hegemonic capitalist system; there is also the business and industrial influence in the development of educational policies throughout the history of education. Conclusions: As a possibility of transforming this scenario of alienation from the educational system to hegemonic power, the Freirean conception of emancipatory critical humanist education is presented, in addition to the reproduction of capitalist logic, based on the awareness of subjects based on dialogical pedagogy and the appropriation of the scientific knowledge as a transformer of reality.

Education in Humanistic Pedagogy

Introduction. The article examines the problem of education, based on the methodology of a humanistic approach to the formation of the individual. Comparative analysis made it possible to identify and characterize the features that are inherent in both communist and modern humanist education. Particular attention is paid to the principles of humanistic pedagogy, which determine the direction and activities of educational organizations. The importance of the problem in question is that a certain understanding of it is the basis of the formation of the spiritual culture of the individual and society. Materials and Methods. The theoretical and methodological strategy of this study was a comparative-comparative approach, which allowed to identify and characterize those features that are inherent in both communist and modern humanistic education. To this end, the following methods were used: theoretical modeling, abstraction, generalization, comparative analysis. Results of the study and discussion. Approaches to education under the influence of communist and humanistic (anthropocentric humanism) education have been revealed and critically understood. The role of Orthodox humanism in the formation of human personality is shown as the antithesis of anthropocentric humanism. Conclusion. The results of the study show that humanistic pedagogy, striving to be independent, develops its approaches to education. However, she uses the educational material that was criticized for her traditional pedagogical science and practice. Its main difference from the previous pedagogy is that the center of the pedagogical space is occupied by a separate personality. Education is understood as an activity aimed at creating the necessary conditions for its self-fulfillment, internal self-expression.

Cervantes’s Sources and Influences

Cervantes’s literary works reference a complex set of ancient, medieval, and early modern sources. Having been raised with a humanist education, Cervantes would have been familiar with many classical writes, such as Homer and Virgil, as well as European writers who lived and worked closer to his own time, such as Torquato Tasso and Mateo Alemán. This chapter does not pretend to be exhaustive in its treatment of Cervantes’s sources, but it does offer the reader a guide to many of the most important influences on Cervantes’s literary production from Spain, early modern Europe, and classical antiquity.

Polemik Penegakan Disiplin Menurut Amsal 13:24 Dalam Sistem Pendidikan di Indonesia

The humanist education and non-violence should be carried out in learning spaces. However, in reality there are still many acts of violence caused by the provision of discipline. Providing excessive discipline or sanctions to students who make negligence is considered no longer appropriate to apply. But in other side, The Bible itself emphasizes how important to use the 'stick' in educating as proof of affection for an educated child like Proverbs 13:24. The purpose of this research is to find the true meaning, relevance, and correlation of the teachings of the Bible about the method of giving discipline with the educational systems and rules that apply in Indonesia today. By using a descriptive analysis method I can draw the conclusion that the biblical text in Proverbs 13:24 never intends to legalize brutal disciplinary action towards students and therefore does not conflict with laws in Indonesia.

PENDIDIKAN HUMANIS KH AHMAD DAHLAN, KI HAJAR DEWANTARA DAN PAULO FREIRE

The background of this issue, there are cases of violence mostly by educators is still emerged, must be a serious concern concern, which is shows the low understanding of educators about the concept of humanist education, as exemplified by KH Ahmad Dahlan, Ki Hajar Dewantara or Paulo Friere as a famous figure of educators. The research is aimed to understand the humanist educational thought of a religious patterned (KH Ahmad Dahlan), nationalist (Ki Hajar Dewantara) and socialistic (Paulo Friere) style of humanist education. The method used in this research is a library research with a qualitative approach, by doing descriptive analysis and interpreting the data obtained. The results of this research shows that KH Ahmad Dahlan, Ki Hajar Dewantara and Paulo Freire have similarities in viewing humanist education, although they have a slightly differences in the use of terms and methods of field practical application.

Humanist Education

This study aims to determine the models and constraints of humanistic education carried out by educators for the child scavengers in the garbage dumps in Palopo City. This research is qualitative research for disclosing facts—Miles and Huberman's analysis using data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results showed that: Education of scavenger children at TPA Mancani, Palopo City is more directed to public and religious educational institutions outside the garbage dumps area, educational guidance on Sundays at church for those who are Christian while those who are Muslim get an education at the Al-Qur'an Education Park (TPQ); humanist education is developing in Sunday schools with the concept of primary religious education, regular discussions, counseling, the formation of work and study groups with materials consisting of: beliefs, politeness/ethics, and memorizing verses. The methods used include: exemplary and discipline, habituation, advice and guidance, deliberation and discussion, stories or stories, as well as balancing the giving of praise and punishment; The obstacles faced in implementing humanist education for child scavengers at TPA Mancani Palopo City include; the recruitment as fostered children in Sunday School, the lack of support from parents, child scavengers feel that their freedom is losing after entering school, and not guarantee their worthiness of life. Another obstacle is the limited number of assistants of child scavengers, limited facilities, infrastructure, funds, and the character traits of scavenger children that are difficult to change.