REVISITING THE COUNTER EXTREMISM AND SPREAD OF THE IDEOLOGY OF THE CRIMINAL UNDERWORLD IN JUVENILE CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES

Материал посвящен теме, которая в настоящее время мало изучена и требует дальнейших исследований - проблеме противодействия экстремизации мест лишения свободы. В статье актуализируются вопросы организационного противодействия распространению экстремизма и идеологии преступного мира в исправительных учреждениях России, в частности, в воспитательных колониях для несовершеннолетних правонарушителей. Рассмотрены некоторые социальные и личностные детерминанты, а также причины индокринации, связанные с особенностями развития процессов радикализации осужденных в пенитенциарных учреждениях для несовершеннолетних. Авторами предложен ряд организационных и психолого-педагогических мер, направленных на совершенствование этого направления деятельности в современных условиях. Сформулированы антиэкстремистские нормотворческие инициативы и предложения в административно-деликтное законодательство России, а также в приказ ФСИН России, утверждающий перечень должностных лиц учреждений и органов УИС России, уполномоченных составлять протоколы об административных правонарушениях. Реализация предложенных новелл, по мнению авторов работы, может способствовать профилактике проявлений экстремизма и предупреждению распространения криминальной идеологии в воспитательных колониях. Работа носит междисциплинарный характер, поскольку исследует проблему как с юридической, так и с психолого-педагогической точки зрения. Рассматриваемая тема будет интересна широкому кругу специалистов в сфере правоохранительной деятельности, преподавателям цикла дисциплин антиэкстремистского характера, практическим работникам территориальных органов отечественной пенитенциарной системы. The material is devoted to the topic that is currently poorly studied and requires further research - the problem of countering the extremism in the places of liberty deprivation. The article actualizes the issues of organizational counteraction to the spread of extremism and the ideology of the criminal underworld in correctional institutions of Russia, and, in particular, in reformatories. Some social and personality determinants are examined, as well as the causes of indoctrination, related to the peculiarities of the development of the processes of the radicalization of convicts in prisons for minors. The authors proposed a number of organizational and psychological-pedagogical measures aimed at improving this area of activity in modern conditions. Anti-extremist legislative initiatives and proposals are formulated in the administrative-tort legislation of Russia, as well as in the order of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, approving the list of officials of institutions and bodies of the FPS of Russia authorized to draw up protocols about administrative offenses. The implementation of the proposed innovations, according to the authors of the work, can help prevent the manifestations of extremism and prevent the spread of criminal ideology in educational colonies. The work is interdisciplinary in nature, since it presents a view of the problem, both from the standpoint of legal science and psychological and pedagogical knowledge. The subject under discussion will be of interest to a wide range of specialists in the field of law enforcement, to teachers of disciplines of an anti-extremist nature, useful to practitioners of the territorial bodies of the home penitentiary system.

Education and Transition for Students With Disabilities in American Juvenile Correctional Facilities

National rates of juvenile incarceration show that about 33% of the population in correctional confinement has disabilities such as behavioral disorders or specific learning disabilities. All students identified under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA) as having a disability are entitled to special education and transition services when they are incarcerated if they need specialized services. Despite the requirements for education and transition, research shows that rates of recidivism increase from about 55% for the general population of incarcerated youth to approximately 85% for youth with disabilities. This article addresses three related questions: (a) What educational and transitional services does IDEIA require schools to offer students in juvenile correctional facilities in the United States? (b) How are parents involved with the education and rehabilitation of their children with disabilities in correctional confinement? (c) What are the challenges associated with parental involvement and transition to and from incarceration for students with disabilities?

Effects of Childhood Polyvictimization on Victimization in Juvenile Correctional Facilities: The Mediating Role of Trauma Symptomatology

Polyvictimization refers to multiple forms of victimization experienced by youths. The extent to which aggregated or cumulative early life victimization increases risk of victimization within juvenile correctional facilities is unclear. Furthermore, pathways from early polyvictimization to facility victimization may be partly explained by trauma symptomatology. Drawing upon the extant polyvictimization literature, this study explores both composite and cumulative effects of childhood victimization on later victimization within correctional facilities and the mediating role of trauma symptomatology among a nationally representative sample of incarcerated youth. Data were drawn from the Survey of Youth in Residential Placement. Incarcerated youths ( N = 7,073) were surveyed on constructs including early victimization, trauma symptomatology, and experiences of victimization within correctional facilities. Using appropriate weights in analyses, structural equation models revealed the relationship between amassed early polyvictimization and composite facility victimization was partially explained by trauma symptoms; facility victimization also linked to trauma symptoms. Additional models revealed that as youths report more victimization experiences, there was a successive increased likelihood for trauma symptoms, facility robbery, and facility physical victimization. The relationships between cumulative early victimization and facility robbery, physical, and sexual victimization were partially or fully mediated by trauma symptoms. Research and practice implications are discussed.