Pyloric atresia: authors’ clinical experience and literature review

Introduction. Congenital pyloric atresia is a rare malformation of the stomach outlet which amounts to about 1% of all atresias in the gastrointestinal tract. The gastric outlet atresia may be either isolated or combined with other abnormalities.Material and methods. There are few publications on the surgical treatment of pyloric atresia with extraluminal and intraluminal endoscopic interventions; however, at present information about it is not enough to assess their effectiveness and safety in young children. In literature, one can also find only few detailed reviews on clinical observations of pyloric atresia; most of which describe anatomical type I. Membranectomy and pyloroplasty are used for surgical treatment of pyloric atresia of type I. Surgery for pyloric atresias of types II and III which includes the resection in atresia zone and the formation of anastomosis between the stomach and duodenum causes complications due to the duodeno-gastric reflux in postoperative period. To prevent these complications, there is a surgical technique which was first described by A. Dessanti, et al. and later was modified and detailed by S. Yokoyama. This article is a literature overview on the topic and authors’ own experience in treating pyloric atresia of type II in 2 patients and of type I in one 1 patient.Conclusion. The choice of surgical approach depends on the anatomical type of pyloric atresia. Currently, there is no any unified approach to the surgical treatment of atresia of types II and III. Membranectomy and gastroduodenoanastomosis seem to be the most appropriate surgical techniques to correct this abnormality what has been confirmed by our preliminary findings.

Perils of Protection

When we generalize about children, we are often also implicitly generalizing about their care, from within a "middle-class" view of "nuclear" family. These as sumptions rely on anorm that few of us actually fit. Yet it is very difficult to talk about children from completely outside of such an assumed model of support in the private or "islanded" sphere. In contrast, children in literature are just as often disconnected from family in order to have greater adventures in more public spaces. They must leave the confines of the private family to for gean other sphere in which to grow. But the real experiences of children at tempting public connection or freedom to roam are farmore complicated, ranging from captivity and containment to escape and self-reliance. Utilizing both fictions of child adventure and accounts of experiences by actual children, Honey mandemonstrates that childwelfare depends upon not just protection, but also participation. How can protection, which sounds so comforting, do harm? Perils of Protection will trace how the best of intentions to protect children can none the lesshurt them if leaving them unprepared to acton the irown behalf. Each chapter will center on this perilous pattern in a different context: "women and children first" rescue hierarchies, geographic restriction, abandonment, censorship, and illness. Analysis from adventures real and fictionalized will offer the reader high jinx and heroism at sea, the rush of risk, finding new families, resisting censorship through discovering shared political identity, and breaking the pretences of sentimentality.

Tales, Tasks, Tools, and Talk

Engage children in literature to pique their interest in quantity concepts, develop their fluency in measurement processes, and establish their quantitative literacy.

In Consideration of Latino Children: a sociocultural perspective of literacy skills development using Literature Circles

This article, reflecting a sociocultural perspective and connections to current research, presents a discussion about the importance of engaging Latino children in literature circle discussions using culturally appropriate, meaningful, and relevant childrenʼs literature in classrooms in the United States. In addition, teachers are encouraged to be reflective practitioners and to consider a “funds of knowledge” perspective by taking time to understand the literacy practices of the families at home and how they may contribute to success in school for Latino children.