Marketing products in sports as competitive instruments in the sports industry

The article analyzes the main marketing products in sports, examines the results of research on the sports marketing market - international sports events and sports organizations that create and earn money from their marketing products. The sources of information were reporting and analytical materials, interviews of specialists and marketers in the area of sports finance, annual reports of federations, leagues and clubs, reports of consulting companies, and websites of these structures. Separately, the approaches of Russian sports organizations to the creation, promotion and sales of their marketing programs are analyzed, which can be considered as key tools for creating competitive advantages in attracting funding for their activities in the future.

ETHICAL STANDARDS AS FUNDAMENTAL BASIS FOR QUALITY AND ORIGINALITY OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH WORK

Ethics and ethical standards are very important and cover the most diverse areas: education, medicine, sports, finance, the media and other scientific fields. The ethics and its applications provokes variety of dilemmas, debates and challenges that are presented everywhere: education - plagiarism, false degrees, low standard, lack of original research; media – reality programs, bad taste, vulgarity; society and economy - inequality, nepotism, lack of gender equality, racism and nationalism, tax evasion; pharmacy - new drugs, subjective and unprofessional research on the effects and consequences of their taking; medicine - cloning, inventing new organisms and so on. When we talk about education today, it seems that we are somehow more than ever in a crisis of application and respect of ethical norms. Ethical standards and their practical application and authentication in the procedure of ethical forms should be universal for all universities and institutions. This is only reasonable approach to provide a high academic and professional standard, usefulness and practical application of results of research in industry and public sector, excellence, quality and originality of research.

AI writing bots are about to revolutionise science journalism: we must shape how this is done

The rise of artificial intelligence has recently led to bots writing real news stories about sports, finance and politics. As yet, bots have not turned their attention to science, and some people still mistakenly think science is too complex for bots to write about. In fact, a small number of insiders are now applying AI algorithms to summarise scientific research papers and automatically turn them into simple press releases and news stories. Could the science beat be next in line for automation, potentially making many science reporters --- and even editors --- superfluous to science communication through digital press? Meanwhile, the science journalism community remains largely unaware of these developments, and is not engaged in directing AI developments in ways that could enhance reporting.

Readers’ perception of computer-generated news: Credibility, expertise, and readability

We conducted an online experiment to study people’s perception of automated computer-written news. Using a 2 × 2 × 2 design, we varied the article topic (sports, finance; within-subjects) and both the articles’ actual and declared source (human-written, computer-written; between-subjects). Nine hundred eighty-six subjects rated two articles on credibility, readability, and journalistic expertise. Varying the declared source had small but consistent effects: subjects rated articles declared as human written always more favorably, regardless of the actual source. Varying the actual source had larger effects: subjects rated computer-written articles as more credible and higher in journalistic expertise but less readable. Across topics, subjects’ perceptions did not differ. The results provide conservative estimates for the favorability of computer-written news, which will further increase over time and endorse prior calls for establishing ethics of computer-written news.