Treatment for Younger Siblings of Participants in a Home-Based Intensive Paediatric Feeding Programme in Australia

Early childhood feeding problems can be challenging. Children who limit their food consumption may significantly impact multiple critical areas of development. Effective treatment should be accessed as early as possible but has been limited to a handful of US hospital programmes. Feeding problems affect both children with and without disability, and families may struggle with multiple children having feeding difficulties. We provided short-term (less than 2 weeks), in-home, intensive, behaviour-analytic feeding intervention to two children with typical development who were younger siblings of children already in the programme. We used a withdrawal/reversal design to assess the effects of nonremoval of the spoon, re-presentation, contingent and noncontingent access to tangibles, differential attention, and response cost. This multi-component intervention was effective in increasing the consumption of a wide variety of foods at regular texture and self-feeding for both participants. Variety was increased to over 60 foods from all food groups. Admission goals were met (100%). We trained caregivers to high procedural integrity and generalised the protocol. We provided actual plate picture examples of family meals consumed where the brothers and parents ate the same meal. Caregiver satisfaction and social acceptability were high. Gains were maintained at 3-year follow-up where parents reported problems were fully resolved.

Avoiding/inducing dynamic buckling in a thermomechanically coupled plate: a local and global analysis of slow/fast response

The nonlinear response of a reduced model of an orthotropic single-layered plate with thermomechanical coupling is investigated in the presence of thermal excitations, in addition to mechanical ones. Different issues are addressed via accurate and extended local and global analyses. (i) Assessing the possible occurrence, disappearance or modification of mechanical buckling as a result of thermal aspects; (ii) exploiting global dynamics to unveil the effects of coupling; (iii) highlighting the crucial role played by the slow thermal transient evolution in modifying the fast steady mechanical response; (iv) framing the influence of coupling and underlining the need to use a thermomechanical model to grasp the actual plate dynamics; and (v) getting hints of technical interest as to the outcome robustness with respect to variations in the external/internal thermal parameters.

Failure of Window Glass Plate under Blast Load

The paper deals with the response analysis of interaction of a gaseous shock wave and a glass plate structure with particular reference to the character of excitation wave and material characteristics of structure. The goal of this analysis is the determination of a hypothesis of failure of window glass plate on the basis of the actual plate rotation during extreme plate displacement. Pressures greater than the ultimate stress or plate rotation bring to the collapse of the glass plate structure. The assumptions and results of theoretical - numerical solution are compared with experiments in situ and in laboratory conditions.

Concluding remarks

The focus of this discussion meeting is strongly connected to that of the history of continental crust. I was reminded of G. K. Gilbert (1893), who said that 'the permanence of the continental plateau, though highly probable, is not yet fully established; and the doctrine of continental growth, though generally accepted, has not been placed beyond the field of profitable discussion’. Recently, Kerr (1985) remarked that we increasingly see continents as a ‘collage of wandering fragments’, and this present discussion has been most concerned with processes associated with this model. I think we are sometimes confused by what is formed, when we observe what is preserved. Continental metamorphism presents us with a great puzzle. Given the present heat flow, stable continental regions have temperatures little above 400 °C at Moho depths; the continents should be dominated by facies of the lowest grades. Yet continental rocks show an amazing diversity of P—T regimes, far exceeding any normal range. Verhoogen (1980) wrote ‘as deformation and orogeny are commonly associated with regional metamorphism, orogeny should perhaps be described as a thermal disturbance, rather than a mechanical one’. Modern metamorphic studies involve the central theme of tracking the convective style of the earth through time. We are now entering a new period of observation, where deep continental structure is being refined by seismic and electrical methods, while actual plate motions can be observed by satellites. Many of the metamorphic terranes discussed at this meeting involve subduction and collision-related phenomena. Recent studies of the subduction process (Uyeda 1983; Yorath et al. 1985; Kaiko Staff 1985) are beginning to elucidate the critical problems of the mechanics of subduction and the materials involved (even serpentine and diamonds; see, for example, Schulz 1986; Ozima et al. 1985). Such studies feed back to the complex paths now being revealed by the metamorphic record. Rocks show us the range of physical conditions, and place some constraints on time, while modern geophysics can show the mechanisms. We are reaching the point where petrology and geophysics are joining to produce sound models of dynamics and thermal history.

Analysis of Plate Examples by Difference Methods and the Superposition Principle

In this paper the author applies the membrane analogs of H. Marcus to some elementary cases of thin homogeneous isotropic square plates having central-point loads and various boundary conditions. The analogy is made possible by two theorems: (a) The deflection of a membrane loaded with loads proportional to those on a given plate may be considered as the sum of the principal moments of the actual plate. (b) A second membrane may be loaded with elastic weights proportional to these moment sums and, subject to appropriate boundary conditions, the deflections of the latter membrane will be proportional to the deflections of the actual plate under the given loading system. The principle of superposition of deflection surfaces or equivalent stress systems is utilized in this paper both by difference and differential methods. The problems treated are (1) a square plate with pinned or simply supported edges, (2) two opposite edges pinned and the other two free, (3) two opposite edges pinned and the other two clamped, (4) all four edges clamped, (5) all four edges free with only corner post supports. The correct critical stress at the center of the lower surface of the plate was obtained from special thick-plate theory for a particular thickness-to-span ratio. The effect of this critical stress on the whole plate action is depicted for various boundary conditions.