Degradation Analysis of Jute Fiber Reinforced Waste Tile Powder-Filled Polymer Composite on Wear Characteristics

In this study, a polymer composite is made using chemically treated jute fiber and waste floor tile powder as an alternative source for roof tile application. The wear qualities were examined at various ages, and the outcomes were optimized. In order to improve the wetting properties of the jute fiber, it was chemically treated. MINITAB software was used to develop Taguchi method parameters such as jute fiber percentage, waste tile powder percentage, and NaOH chemical treatment using the MINITAB software. It was determined that hardness was the most important characteristic in terms of wear properties after the specimens were subjected to ageing and abrasion wear testing and hardness tests were carried out as per normal protocols. As a result of the waste tile powder addition, the surface and core pore formation rates were reduced and the wear index rates were low. Jute fiber with 15%, 9% tile powder, and 5% NaOH treatment were found to have the lowest wear index of the other specimen compositions tested, according to the wear index. Specimen made with 5% jute fiber addition, 9% tile powder inclusion, and 10% NaOH treatment, on the other hand, had more hardness. Degradation of the fibers and delamination are side effects of the ageing process. The wear resistance of the surface was increased by the use of waste tile powder.

Selection of Sustainable Materials for Energy Savings of Infrastructure-Transportation Project in Ahmedabad, India Using BIM and FCM

This study aims to develop a methodology for the selection of sustainable building materials for the reduction of embodied and operational energy for a complex infrastructure transportation project, i.e., elevated metro rail station of Ahmedabad, India by application of building information modelling (BIM) and factor comparison method (FCM). Evaluation of the alternative building materials and designs to obtain the best energy efficiency has been carried out using Revit Architecture 2018 and Green Building Studio. The achieved average embodied energy savings is about 73%, which is by the suggested alternative materials instead of existing ones. By application of FCM, which is a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) technique, it has been observed that the polished Kota-stone flooring, stone-floor tile cladding, toughened fibre-glass ceiling and insulated fibre-glass door appear to be the most feasible sustainable material for flooring, wall cladding, ceiling, openings and fenestrations for the design of the metro rail station box in Ahmedabad, India. This study contributes significant knowledge in the field by highlighting the application of BIM as a tool for sustainable development and recommends a few alternate building materials and sustainable designs which would result in the reduction of energy usage for the metro-rail-station and other building structures leading to a sustainable future.

AMPLIFICATION AND REDUCTION IN THE DESIGN OF INTERIOR SPACES

The interior spaces that depend on their functional activities often evoke diverse receiving impressions that are embodied in different responses according to what the vocabulary and design elements emit according to the contradictory mechanisms of foundations and principles, as in the subject of amplification and reduction, and every duality is implicit in the meaning of these contradictions that enhance the sense of the luxury of the place and affect the use towards The optimal and appropriate performance, especially in the space of the public court hearings. On the other hand, the motives for the function of the interior space call for this design character when it requires a sense of the awe of the place and its activities, through regular geometric shapes abstracted from plankton of sense, addressing the imagination of the recipient with its physical and intellectual framework when imagination takes them To meditate on the interpretation of the luxury of forms borrowed from ancient architecture with a metaphysical tendency. Accordingly, the researcher finds the need to address this study and explore its origins and references, in order to be able to agree between the contradictions within the framework of a common field. Therefore, the researcher presents the problem of his research in the following question: How can a contradictory duality be used, such as amplification and reduction, to express the function of major internal spaces, while the thesis aimed at: First Finding contradictory conventions within the data of amplification and reduction that present design mechanisms with regular rhythms that call for everything that represents a sense of luxury, discipline and justice, and second: identifying the functional motives achieved by the expressive side in the elements of forms provided by both amplification and reduction within one design system, and the research reached results The most important of them: 1- The first model appeared in a modernist character away from stereotypes, so simplicity appeared in reducing the space of the interior space, the furnishing elements and the secondary ceiling in a circular shape. 2- The secondary ceiling and the industrial lighting units in the first model were characterized by a somewhat complex organization and cylindrical geometric formations, in contrast to the designer, the curves of their circular shapes in Floor tile inscriptions also appeared, while in the second model appeared square formations that harmonized with the shape and size of the interior space, The most important conclusions are: 1- Reducing the meaning of the identity of the place through geometric shapes with complex inscriptions and a civilizational allegorical character is of great importance to the societal and ideological feeling as expressive elements that enhance functional privacy that often calls for one common performance, values and belonging to unite the group,2-The role of amplification and reduction in expressing the function of the inner space comes from the quantities of the first and the qualities of the second, the optimal use depends on the correct reception.

Optimization and Inverse Design of Floor Tile Airflow Distributions in Data Centers Using Response Surface Method

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has become a popular tool compared to experimental measurement for thermal management in data centers. However, it is very time-consuming and resource-intensive when used to model large-scale data centers, and often unrealistic for real-time thermal analyses. In addition, it is prohibitive to use CFD for optimization process where thousands of designs need to be generated. Floor tile airflow distribution control is a key technique for maintaining a sufficient cold air delivery to variable thermal loadings of server cabinets. Regular practice of deploying a set of identical floor tiles may not result in the best solution for airflow uniformity through tiles. In this paper, an optimization procedure based on response surface methodology (RSM) is proposed to find the best arrangement of mixed-porosity floor tiles for different targeted tile airflow distributions. Fast-approximation RSM based on radial basis function (RBF) allows thousands of designs to be generated for the optimization process which uses genetic algorithm as its main solver. The method shows proven success in maximizing floor tile airflow uniformity, and in the inverse design optimization where various tile airflow distribution topologies, i.e., linear, parabolic, and sinusoidal shapes are targeted. For the considered data center and aisle configuration, the improvement over the all-uniform-tile design is 55% in terms of standard deviation to the average tile airflow rate, whereas 90%, 91%, and 94% in root mean square error (RMSE) for the linear, parabolic, and sinusoidal floor tile airflow distribution objectives, respectively.