Degradation Analysis of Jute Fiber Reinforced Waste Tile Powder-Filled Polymer Composite on Wear Characteristics

In this study, a polymer composite is made using chemically treated jute fiber and waste floor tile powder as an alternative source for roof tile application. The wear qualities were examined at various ages, and the outcomes were optimized. In order to improve the wetting properties of the jute fiber, it was chemically treated. MINITAB software was used to develop Taguchi method parameters such as jute fiber percentage, waste tile powder percentage, and NaOH chemical treatment using the MINITAB software. It was determined that hardness was the most important characteristic in terms of wear properties after the specimens were subjected to ageing and abrasion wear testing and hardness tests were carried out as per normal protocols. As a result of the waste tile powder addition, the surface and core pore formation rates were reduced and the wear index rates were low. Jute fiber with 15%, 9% tile powder, and 5% NaOH treatment were found to have the lowest wear index of the other specimen compositions tested, according to the wear index. Specimen made with 5% jute fiber addition, 9% tile powder inclusion, and 10% NaOH treatment, on the other hand, had more hardness. Degradation of the fibers and delamination are side effects of the ageing process. The wear resistance of the surface was increased by the use of waste tile powder.

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Wear characterization of basalt fiber reinforced polypropylene/polylactic acid hybrid polymer composite

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part J Journal of Engineering Tribology ◽

10.1177/13506501211030075 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 135065012110300

Author(s):

Arputham Arul Jeya Kumar ◽

Muniyandi Prakash ◽

Abburi Lakshmankumar ◽

Kesuboyina Haswanth

Keyword(s):

Polylactic Acid ◽

Polymer Composite ◽

Basalt Fiber ◽

Weight Fraction ◽

The Other ◽

Wear Loss ◽

Specimen Preparation ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Pin On Disc ◽

Hybrid Polymer Composite

In this work, the wear loss of basalt fiber reinforced polypropylene/polylactic acid polymer composite was analyzed using pin-on-disc under dry sliding conditions. The polypropylene, polylactic acid, and basalt fiber (chopped fiber) are melted and mixed homogeneously using a twin-screw extruder, which is followed by an injection molding technique for specimen preparation. The specimens are named as PPB1 (polypropylene, 50%; polylactic acid, 35%; basalt fiber, 15%), PPB2 (polypropylene, 55%; polylactic acid, 30%; basalt fiber, 15%), and PPB3 (polypropylene, 60%; polylactic acid, 25%; basalt fiber, 15%) based on their weight fraction. The wear rate and coefficient of friction are measured for each sample subjected to three different loads and sliding velocities. It is observed from the wear mapping that the wear loss of sample PPB3 is relatively less when compared with the other samples. The scanning electron microscope images of the worn-out region of the sample reveal the fracture and dislocation of fibers in the matrix. The sample PPB3 shows low wear loss. It is due to the better cohesion between the fiber and the matrixes when compared with the other samples.

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Tribological Study of Polymer Composite Forming Using Model Experiments and Real Composites

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.611-612.300 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 611-612 ◽

pp. 300-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olga Smerdova ◽

Michael P.F. Sutcliffe

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Polymer Composites ◽

Viscous Liquid ◽

Polymer Composite ◽

Contact Area ◽

Essential Feature ◽

The Other ◽

Carbon Fabric ◽

Simultaneous Application ◽

Composite Forming

This experimental study is focused on identification of tribological mechanisms acting during forming of polymer composites. The range of relevant processes includes fibre placement, tape lay-up, moulding, draping, and RTM. Two types of tribological experiments, relying both on simultaneous application of compression and shear loadings, are carried out. Firstly, model macromechanical tests are undertaken on plastic rods of millimetric diameter immersed in a viscous liquid, representing composite fibres and matrix, respectively. By careful simulation of forming conditions, this experiment helps to identify the friction phenomena occurring in real composites. On the other hand, the micromechanics of forming processes is studied through a microscopic experiment on real carbon fabric. This material is clamped between two glass plates and pulled in opposing directions in the plane of the fabric. It is hypothesized that the evolution of contact area due to shearing that can be measured in this experiment is an essential feature of the tribology of forming processes, a topic which hitherto has not been investigated.

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Mechanical Properties of Jute/PLA Injection Molded Products-All Natural Composites

Volume 3: Design and Manufacturing ◽

10.1115/imece2011-62819 ◽

2011 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Masuo Murakami ◽

Yuqiu Yang ◽

Hiroyuki Hamada

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Injection Molding ◽

Density Measurement ◽

The Other ◽

Jute Fiber ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Thermoplastic Polymer ◽

Environmental Friendly ◽

Molding Condition ◽

Natural Composites

Natural composites have been important materials system due to preservation of earth environments. Natural fibers such as jute, hemp, bagasse and so on are very good candidate of natural composites as reinforcements. On the other hand regarding matrix parts thermosetting polymer and thermoplastic polymer deriver form petrochemical products are not environmental friendly material, even if thermoplastic polymer can be recycled. In order to create fully environmental friendly material (FEFM) biodegradable polymer which can be deriver from natural resources is needed. Therefore poly(lactic acid) (PLA) polymer is very good material for the FEFM. However, PLA is very brittle polymer, so that polymer chemists have been made the efforts to make tough PLA. In this paper Jute/PLA composites was fabricated by injection moldings and mechanical properties were measured. It is believable that industries will have much attention to FEFM, so that injection molding was adopted to fabricate the composites. Long fiber pellet pultrusion technique was adopted to prepare jute fiber-PLA pellet (Jute/PLA). Because it is a new method which is able to fabricate composite pellets with relative long length fibers for injection molding process, where, jute yarns were continuously pulled and coated with PLA resin. Here two kinds of PLA materials were used including the one with mold releasing agent and the other is without it. After pass through a heated die whereby PLA resin impregnates into the jute yarns and sufficient cooling, the impregnated jute yarns were cut into pellets. Then Jute/PLA pellets were fed into injection machine to make dumbbell shape specimens. In current study, the effects of temperature of heat die i.e. impregnation temperature and the kind of PLA were focused to get optimum molding condition. The volume fractions of jute fiber in pellet were measured by several measuring method including image analyzing, density measurement and dissolution methods. And the mechanical property were investigated by tensile and Izod testing. It is found that 250 degree is much suitable for Jute/PLA long fiber pultrusion process. Additionally the jute fibers seem much effective to increase the tensile modulus and the Izod strength. That is to say, the addition of Jute fiber in PLA, the brittle property can be improved.

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Long-Lasting Legacy of Rent Controls: Perspectives on the Private Rental Market in Malta within the Context of a Dual Market

International Journal of Real Estate Studies ◽

10.11113/intrest.v15n2.29 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 43-54

Author(s):

Brian Micallef

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Housing Market ◽

The Other ◽

Data Sources ◽

Historical Background ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Rental Market ◽

Minimum Standards ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Source Of Information

Up to a few years ago, the private rental market in Malta was a classic example of the dysfunction created by two diametrically opposed regimes – a rigidly-controlled one and a completely liberal one – co-existing side by side. Two recent reforms have sought to address this situation. The objective of this paper is to describe the state-of-play in the private rental market in Malta by providing a historical background to these recent developments. In addition to the distortions in the housing market that rent controls introduce, controls also contributed to the deterioration of the statistical infrastructure to collect data on this sector. From this perspective, the introduction of the 2020 rent reform for the post-1995 sector, in addition to providing a set of minimum standards to professionalize the market, also facilitated data collection efforts through the introduction of a rent register. This information provided an alternative source of information to complement the other data sources, which tend to be outdated, inadequate, or focus solely on specific segments of the market, thus allowing for a more detailed and complete view of the private rental market in Malta.

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Optimization of Milling on Jute Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Using RSM

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering - Recent Trends in Manufacturing and Materials Towards Industry 4.0 ◽

10.1007/978-981-15-9505-9_77 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 881-892

Author(s):

Mir Akmam Noor Rashid ◽

Zakaria Mohd Zain ◽

Momin Mullah ◽

Wazed Ibne Noor

Keyword(s):

Polymer Composite ◽

Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽

Jute Fiber ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Reinforced Polymer

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Microstructure, Microhardness, and Wear Properties of Cobalt Alloy Electrodes Coated with TiO2 Nanoparticles

Metals ◽

10.3390/met9111186 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1186

Author(s):

Sebastian Balos ◽

Petar Janjatovic ◽

Miroslav Dramicanin ◽

Danka Labus Zlatanovic ◽

Branka Pilic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Modified Electrodes ◽

Wear Testing ◽

Titanium Oxides ◽

Cobalt Alloy ◽

Wear Properties ◽

X Ray ◽

Eds Analysis ◽

Present Complex ◽

Complex Carbides ◽

Pin On Disc

In this paper, the influence of TiO2 nanoparticle coating on cobalt-based electrodes was studied. Different coating treatment times were applied, and the results were compared to the hard-faced layer obtained with unmodified electrodes. The hard facing was done in three layers, the first being a Ni-based interlayer, followed by two layers of corrosion and wear-resistant Co-based Stellite 6 alloy. Pin-on-disc wear testing was applied, along with the metallographic study and hardness measurements of the hard-faced layers. Furthermore, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was conducted. It was found that the microstructural properties, as well as microhardness profiles, are modified in hard-faced layers obtained with modified electrodes. Interdendritic distances are altered, as are the dendrite growth directions. Titanium oxides are formed, which, along with the present complex carbides, increase the wear resistance of the hard-faced layers compared to layers obtained with untreated electrodes.

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Improved Friction and Wear Properties of Al6061-Matrix Composites Reinforced by Cu-Ni Double-Layer-Coated Carbon Fibers

Metals ◽

10.3390/met10111542 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1542

Author(s):

Shuhan Dong ◽

Huiyong Yuan ◽

Xiaochao Cheng ◽

Xue Zhao ◽

Mingxu Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Fibers ◽

Friction And Wear ◽

Interfacial Bonding ◽

Wear Testing ◽

Double Layers ◽

Wear Loss ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Wear Properties ◽

Al Composite ◽

Friction And Wear Properties

The friction and wear properties of an Al6061 alloy reinforced with carbon fibers (CF) modified with Cu-Ni bimetallic layers were researched. Cu-Ni double layers were applied to the CF by electroless plating and Al6061-matrix composites were prepared by powder metallurgy technology. The metal-CF/Al interfaces and post-dry-wear-testing wear loss weights, friction coefficients, worn surfaces, and wear debris were characterized. After T6 heat treatment, the interfacial bonding mechanism of Cu-Ni-CF changed from mechanical bonding to diffusion bonding and showed improved interfacial bonding strength because the Cu transition layer reduced the fiber damage caused by Ni diffusion. The metal–CF interfacial bonding strongly influenced the composite’s tribological properties. Compared to the Ni-CF/Al and Cu-CF/Al composites, the Cu-Ni-CF/Al composite showed the highest hardness, the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate, and the best load-carrying capacity. The wear mechanisms of Cu-Ni-CF/Al composite are mainly slight abrasive wear and adhesive wear.

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