A corpus-based study on contrast and concessivity of the connective -ciman in Korean

Providing a corpus-based analysis of the contrastive connective -ciman in Korean, this study demonstrates that global connections are as frequent as local connections as opposed to previous literature. In representing various senses possible with a -ciman connection, this study adopts a fuzzy representation, where meanings range from conceptual to discoursal. The identified meanings include explicit contrast, denial of expectation, speech act hedges and idiomatic expressions. The fuzzy representation is supported for at least two reasons. First, categorization of some cases is often blurred. Second, it can better capture the relatedness of various meanings whose enduring sense concerns ‘contrast’. It is further revealed that interpretations of -ciman phrases are compositionally made with co-occurring linguistic units. The “pragmatic” meanings of -ciman constructions are explained in terms of different levels of representations in which the contrast occurs. We further investigate the possibility of -ciman as a stance/discourse marker with accompanying expressions.

Fuzzy Representation of Principal’s Preferences in Inspire Negotiation Support System

We consider the negotiation problem, in which an agent negotiates on behalf of a principal. Our considerations are focused on the Inspire negotiation support system in which the principal’s preferences are visualised by circles. In this way, the principal describes the importance of each negotiation issue and the relative utility of each considered option. The paper proposes how this preference information may be implemented by the agent for determining a scoring function used to support decisions throughout the negotiation process. The starting point of our considerations is a discussion regarding the visualisation of the principal’s preferences. We assume here that the importance of each issue and the utility of each option increases with the size of the circle representing them. The imprecise meaning of the notion of “circle size” implies that in a considered case, the utility of an option should be evaluated by a fuzzy number. The proposed utility fuzzification is justified by a simple analysis of results obtained from the empirical prenegotiation experiment. A novel method is proposed to determine trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, which evaluates an option’s utility using a series of answers given by the participants of the experiment. The utilities obtained this way are applied to determine the fuzzy scoring function for an agent. By determining such a common generalised fuzzy scoring system, our approach helps agents handle the differences in human cognitive processes associated with understanding the principal’s preferences. This work is the first approach to fuzzification of the preferences in the Inspire negotiation support system.

A Constructive Fuzzy Representation Model for Heart Data Classification

The early detection of Heart Disease (HD) and the prediction of Heart Failure (HF) via telemonitoring and can contribute to the reduction of patients’ mortality and morbidity as well as to the reduction of respective treatment costs. In this study we propose a novel classification model based on fuzzy logic applied in the context of HD detection and HF prediction. The proposed model considers that data can be represented by fuzzy phrases constructed from fuzzy words, which are fuzzy sets derived from data. Advantages of this approach include the robustness of data classification, as well as an intuitive way for feature selection. The accuracy of the proposed model is investigated on real home telemonitoring data and a publicly available dataset from UCI.

Fuzzy Representation of Environmental Flow in Multi-Objective Risk Analysis of Reservoir Operation

In the context of water shortages, environmental flow is the key to alleviating the negative environmental impact of reservoir operation. Environmentally, the suitable stream flow for the survival and reproduction of aquatic organisms is a varying range, although most of studies now give it a fixed value, which leads to unreasonable resource allocations. In this study, we proposed a fuzzy representation of environmental flow by using the fuzzy theory and the ecological hydraulic radius. Furthermore, we used the Three Gorges-Gezhouba cascade reservoirs as a study case and Four Major Chinese Carps as indicator species. In addition, a multi-objective operation optimization model was established, which solved by the Evolver Palisade software, and a multi-objective risk analysis method was proposed based on the design reliability and risk rate of various benefit operations. The results show that: (1) Based on the environmental flow membership function, flow ranges suitable for the aquatic organism survival and reproduction at specific locations can be determined to help guide reservoir discharge. (2) Taking environmental flow membership as an optimization objective rather than a constraint is conducive to formulating environmentally friendly reservoir operation schemes and make more rational use of water resources. (3) The multi-objective risk analysis can avoid the one-sidedness of a single objective and analyze the risks brought by various benefit operations. Ecological demand has long been a factor considered when formulating reservoir operation schemes. Following the environmentally friendly operation scheme is helpful to protect the environment and maximize the overall benefits of reservoirs.