Aktivitas harian harimau sumatra (Panthera tigris sumatrae) dan harimau benggala (Panthera tigris tigris) di Bali Zoo, Gianyar

Bali Zoo merupakan lembaga konservasi eksitu bagi berbagai jenis satwa, termasuk harimau benggala dan harimau sumatra. Kedua jenis ini termasuk dalam daftar IUCN dengan status terancam punah untuk harimau benggala dan status kritis untuk harimau sumatra. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas harian kedua jenis harimau tersebut di Bali Zoo. Pengambilan dan pengumpulan data aktivitas harian dilakukan dengan metode focal animal sampling, pencatatan menggunakan metode instantaneous recording dengan interval 30 detik selama 30 menit. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada pagi, siang, dan sore hari. Kedua jenis harimau mengalokasikan waktunya paling banyak untuk beristirahat. Harimau sumatra mengalokasikan waktunya untuk istirahat sebesar 64,69 ± 2,52%, moving 31,32 ± 2,46%, grooming 2,72 ± 0,40%, buang air 0,37 ± 0,08%, makan 0,33 ± 0,11%, minum 0,31 ± 0,07% dan aktivitas sosial 0,26 ± 0,08%. Untuk harimau benggala, harimau ini mengalokasikan waktunya untuk istirahat sebesar 68,23± 2,20%, moving 24,14 ± 1,99%, sosial 3,54 ± 0,34%, grooming 2,23 ± 0,29%, buang air 0,39 ± 0,08%, minum 0,39 ± 0,09%, dan makan 0,08 ± 0,18%. Aktivitas pacing tercatat sangat rendah pada kedua jenis harimau mengindikasikan kondisi harimau yang cukup nyaman berada pada kandangnya.

First record of Bengal Tiger, Panthera tigris tigris Linnaeus, 1758 (Felidae), in eastern Nepal

We report the first record of a Bengal Tiger, Panthera tigris tigris, in eastern Nepal in 2020 based on photographic evidence. We documented this evidence at 3,165 m a.s.l., which makes it the highest elevation record of a tiger in Nepal. We recorded this evidence in one of 46 trail cameras deployed for monitoring Red Pandas in the Panchthar-Ilam-Taplejung (PIT) area. The PIT area, which has non-protected status, borders India in the east. Our finding supports the importance of transboundary conservation, which will benefit local and flagship wildlife in the PIT area.

Melanoma maligno cutáneo con metástasis sistémica en una hembra de tigre de bengala blanca (Panthera tigris tigris)

La presencia del melanoma maligno cutáneo en felinos exóticos está pobremente reportada. Una hembra de tigre de Bengala blanca (Panthera tigris tigris), de 6 años, no castrada, solitaria y viviendo en un ambiente adecuado, fue evaluada por la presencia de una masa cerca del ojo izquierdo. La histopatología de la biopsia remitida mostró la presencia de melanocitos con características anaplásicas (pleomorfismo, citomegalia, cariomegalia, binucleación), área hemorrágica y foco inflamatorio fibrinoso. El diagnóstico histopatológico fue melanoma maligno. Dos meses después del diagnóstico, la tigresa manifestó un deterioro considerable con pérdida de peso y presencia de una masa redonda en el cuello. En aquel momento, por su tamaño, el melanoma obstruía totalmente la visión. Con base en esto, y por razones humanitarias, el animal fue eutanasiado. Al momento de la necropsia, se observó metástasis en pulmones, pleura y riñones. Este caso evidencia la importancia de dar a conocer la presentación de melanomas en especies poco reportadas.

Utilisation of honey trap method to ensnare a dispersing sub-adult Bengal Tiger Panthera tigris tigris L. in a human dominated landscape

The need to conserve the tiger, an endangered species and avoid interactions with humans is among the main objectives of forest management of tiger reserves in India. The objective of the study is show that male tigers can be trapped by pheromones in urine and feces of tigress for subsequent translocation. A sub-adult male tiger strayed out of Sariska Tiger Reserve into the human dominated areas to look for territory. Attempts to tranquilize the tiger failed due to dense vegetation. Then the urine and feces of a captive tigress was used to trail the tiger, capture him, and release him into his natal area thereby avoiding incidents with humans. Tracking data indicated that the tiger had settled in the northern area part of Sariska and subsequently sired seven cubs with two tigresses.

Non-invasive DNA extraction for molecular identification of royal Bengal tiger Panthera tigris tigris

The flagship animal species of Sundarbans, the Royal Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) is under threat of extinction. Its natural population is declining day by day. So, to avoid killing and harming the animal, the use of non-invasive samples such as scat, hair, or scent is preferred for DNA extraction and subsequent genotyping of tiger species. DNA has been extracted from scat samples of the Bengal tiger in the present study, and a fragment of the cytochrome b gene has been sequenced after PCR with species-specific primers. DNA has been extracted manually using a previously described methodology with slight modifications. The size of the PCR product and sequence of cytochrome b gene indicates that tiger DNA is successfully extracted from scat samples using tigerspecific primers. Thus, presence of tiger DNA can be detected by using this method just by the PCR product size in the gel. This is the first report of a partial sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of P. t. tigris from Bangladesh. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 325-330, 2021 (July)