CULTURAL HEGEMONY IN CHINUA ACHEBE'S THINGS FALL APART: A POSTCOLONIAL ANALYSIS

The current research paper considers theory of cultural hegemony as reflected in the Nigerian novelist Chinua Achebe's 1958 novel Things Fall Apart. The study aims to examine Achebe's novel as a profound example of cultural hegemony during the colonial era. The novelist exhibits his mother land Nigeria as a culturally hegemonized territory by the English colonizer at that time. The study also presents Antonio Gramsci's theory of cultural hegemony as the main subject in the development of both fields Cultural Studies and Postcolonialism. The research paper is divided into three main sections and a conclusion. The first section shows the development of cultural hegemony as a new theory at the hand of the Italian theorist Antonio Gramsci, who is known for his own perspective of hegemony as a cultural component. Based on Gramsci's theory, the second section examines the significance of cultural hegemony in the fields of Cultural Studies and Postcolonialism. As for the third section, it tackles the theory of cultural hegemony through a selective analysis of Achebe's novel. As far as Things Fall Apart is concerned, the analysis traces the novelist's attempt to expose colonialism as a hegemonic power through an overt portrayal of the cultural struggle between the colonizer and the colonized in Nigeria. Finally, the study ends with a conclusion that sums up the ultimate findings of the research..

Tłumaczenie symultaniczne mowy noblowskiej w dydaktyce przekładu konferencyjnego

Simultaneous Interpreting of a Nobel Lecture in Conference Interpreter Training Simultaneous interpreting with text is a hybrid mode combining simultaneous with sight translation. As it constitutes an important element of the interpreter’s work, it must then be a component of conference interpreter training. Due to a scarce research in the field so far, the aim of this paper is to discuss an empirical longitudinal study of simultaneous interpreting of a Nobel lecture from Spanish into Polish. The results of the analysis show that during the preparation phase, it is not a selective analysis of such lexical items as proper names, numbers or unknown words, but rather a syntactic analysis, which enables to render compound statements in a specific register, as well as an in-depth cultural analysis, which contributes to acquiring knowledge across different fields necessary in conference interpreting.

Establishing a State-civil (municipal-civil) partnership mechanism to develop the market of services for citizens over working age: A conceptual approach

Subject. This article discusses the issues of implementation of a public-civil partnership mechanism to provide services for persons over the working age in Russia. Objectives. The article aims to develop principles of formation and implementation of the mentioned mechanism. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of selective analysis, generalization, and the systems, and logical framework approaches. Results. The article describes the basic services provided for persons over the working age and articulates certain principles of implementing the mechanism of State-civil (municipal-civil) partnership. Conclusions. The elements of the agreement on State-civil (municipal-civil) partnership should be clearly regulated. It is important to ensure a sustainable increase in the capacity of social infrastructure facilities for persons over the working age.

Management of the technological process of business flights ground handling in the Russian Federation

Objective: To analyze the technological process of business flights ground handling in the Russian Federation and develop solutions and recommendations to advance the process efficiency. Meth-ods: Applied methods are used: a specific selective analysis of the management features, and the substantiation of their impact on the technological process of business flights ground handling. Re-sults: The features of the technological process of business flights ground handling were analyzed, and specific proposals were developed enabling the process efficiency enhancement. Practical im-portance: Direct application of the developed recommendations and solutions by transport compa-nies may allow them to advance their process efficiency.

Histological Tracking into the Third Dimension

Using a novel three-dimensional (3D) approach, we tracked histological changes to elucidate the earliest stages of renal clear cell neoplasia in normal kidney tissue of patients with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. Tissue blocks of interest were procured, serially sectioned, and 3D reconstruction of the entirety of pathologic events was performed. The results reveal an abundance of foci with aberrant clear cell proliferation that initially develop along the tubular lining, but have the potential to aggregate within individual tubules. This stage is followed by the extension of clear cell aggregates beyond the tubular basement membrane, which allows for the recruitment of angiogenesis derived from interstitial vasculature. The results suggest that the most frequent pathologic event in VHL kidneys is the presence of isolated or aggregated clear cells within the tubular epithelium, potentially developing further into a protracted process of neoplasia. The abundance of independent pathologic events in VHL kidneys confirms developmental mechanisms to precede tumor initiation. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating that tracking of histologic changes in the 3rd dimension enables the confirmation of the sequence of events from the earliest pathologic change in the VHL kidney to the neoplastic stage. This approach is not only useful for visualization and quantification of pathologic changes but also for targeted sampling allowing selective analysis of the earliest stages of clear cell carcinogenesis.

Determination of eight kinds of glucocorticoids residues in chicken muscle with on-line clean up combined HPLC-MS/MS

A sensitive and rapid method using HPLC-MS/MS was developed for the determination of eight glucocorticoids residues in chicken muscle simultaneously by Turbo Flow. The eight glucocorticoids were prednisone, prednisolone, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, betamethasone, beclomethasone and fludrocortisones. Samples were extracted with ethyl acetate and on-line cleaned up through a Turbo Flow solid-phase extraction column without time-consuming pretreatment before HPLC-MS/MS analysis. Sample pretreatment conditions, Turbo Flow conditions and mass spectral parameters were optimized and obtained eight glucocorticoids calibration curves. These curves showed good linearity over the concentration from 0.2 μg/kg to 50 μg/kg with an average recovery from 71.63% to 117.36%. This method could be applied on real samples and provided simple, rapid, sensitive and highly selective analysis, which made it feasible to be adopted in food inspection organizations or carry out quantitative analysis for other banned substance.