total excitation energy
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2021 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 00017
Author(s):  
Anabella Tudora

Two models with a deterministic treatment of prompt emission in fission were developed at the University of Bucharest. Both models work with the same ranges of initial fragments and total kinetic energy and they use the same partition of the total excitation energy at full acceleration based on modelling at scission. The main difference between these modelings regards the prompt emission treatment itself. I.e. the Point-by-Point (PbP) model uses a global treatment of sequential emission while the other modeling is based on an event-by-event treatment of sequential emission. Both models are submitted to a rigorous validation. This paper focuses on model results of different prompt γ-ray quantities, which describe very well the existing experimental data. A new method to calculate prompt γ-ray spectra, including a global treatment based on the distribution of prompt γ-ray energy per quanta, is proposed.


2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14

Ruptura de parejas y efectos coulombianos en la fisión fría de las reacciones 233U(nth, f), 235U(nth, f) y 239PU(nth, f) Pair breaking and coulomb effects in cold fission reactions from 233U(nth, f), 235U(nth, f) y 239PU(nth, f) Modesto Montoya Instituto Peruano de Energía Nuclear, Canadá 1470, San Borja, Lima, Perú Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Av. Túpac Amaru 210, Rímac, Lima, Perú DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2012.0014/ Resumen En este trabajo se muestra los efectos de la ruptura de parejas de nucleones y de la interacción electrostática entre fragmentos sobre la distribución de masa y energía cinética en la fisión fría de la fisión de 233U, 235U y 239Pu inducida por neutrones térmicos. El proceso de fisión termina en el punto de escisión, cuando se forman los fragmentos complementarios 1 y 2, con masas y . Luego, esos fragmentos se alejan entre sí y adquieren energías cinéticas y . Los fragmentos emiten y ; llegando a los detectores con masas y valores de energía cinética respectivamente. Como consecuencia de ello, en regiones donde el promedio de , en función de , varía abruptamente, el ancho de la distribución de , en función de , será mucho mayor que lo fue para para la distribución de en función de . Por otro lado, la emisión de neutrones erosiona los efectos par-impar sobre la distribución de número de neutrones de los fragmentos, definido como la diferencia de rendimientos relativos de los fragmentos con par y impar, respectivamente. En consecuencia, la emisión de neutrones también erosiona el efecto par-impar sobre la distribución de masas de los fragmentos. Para evitar estas perturbaciones, se estudia la fisión fría, i.e. fisión sin emisión de neutrones. Se selecciona ventanas de energía cinética total cercanas al valor máximo de la energía disponible, las que corresponden a bajos valores de energía de excitación total. Contrario a lo que se esperaba, en estas ventanas de energía cinética se observa un débil efecto par-impar sobre la distribución de masa de fragmentos. Sin embargo, este resultado no es incompatible con un alto efecto par-impar sobre la distribución de cargas o sobre la distribución del número de neutrones. Por otro lado, en la fisión fría se observa que el valor mínimo de la energía cinética total ( que alcanzan los fragmentos, en función de la masa, está correlacionada con el “exceso de energía electrostática” definido como la diferencia entre la energía de interacción electrostática de los fragmentos complementarios (asumidos esféricos) en el punto de escisión y la energía disponible de la reacción. Esta correlación explica también las fluctuaciones de la energía cinética máxima en función de la masa. El efecto crece con la asimetría de las fragmentaciones de carga. En suma, los datos experimentales sobre la fisión fría sugieren que las configuraciones de escisión exploran todas las posibilidades que permite la energía disponible para la fisión. Descriptores: uranio 233-234, plutonio 239 cold, fission. Abstract This paper shows pair breaking and electrostatic (Coulomb) interaction effects on the distribution of mass and kinetic energy in cold fission of 233U, 235U and 239Pu thermal neutron induced. The fission process ends at the scission point, when the complementary fragments 1 and 2, having masses y are formed. Then those fragments goes away each other and acquire kinetic energies y , reaching the detectors after emission of y neutrons, having masses and kinetic energies, respectively. As a result, in regions where the average of varies abruptly as function of , the distribution of will be wider than it was for the distribution of as a function of . Furthermore, the emission of neutrons erodes odd-even effects on the distribution of neutron number, defined as the difference between the relatives yields of fragments with even and odd, respectively. Neutron emission, consequently, also erodes the odd-even effect on the mass distribution of the fragments. To avoid these disturbances, cold fission, i.e. with no neutron emission, is studied. Windows with total kinetic energy close to the maximum available energy, corresponding to low total excitation energy, are selected. Contrary to expected, for that excitation energy region, a weak even-odd effect is observed. This result is not incompatible with a strong odd-even effect on the charge distribution or neutron number distribution. Moreover, in cold fission, the minimum value of total excitation energy, as a function of , is correlated with the "Coulomb energy excess" defined as the difference between the energy electrostatic interaction of the complementary fragments (assumed spherical) in the scission point and the available energy of the reaction. This also explains correlation fluctuations in the maximum kinetic energy as a function of the mass. This effect increases with the asymmetry of the charge fragmentations. In sum, the experimental data on cold fission suggest that scission configurations explore all the possibilities available energy for fission. Keywords: uranium 233 235 plutonium 239 cold fission.


2018 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 02031
Author(s):  
Irena Golebiowska ◽  
Kazimierz Peszynski

The paper briefly presents selected basic kinds of excitation of cable vibration caused by dynamic effect of wind. It describes the aerodynamic phenomena such as vortex excitation, wind-rain excitation, galloping and buffeting. Cables are structures which are characterised by low internal damping, low rigidity and low weight, so they are not capable of total excitation energy dissipation, hence they can reach large amplitudes of vibration. Large amplitude of vibration causes excessive stress, thereby lowering the safety of the structure.


2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (08) ◽  
pp. 1250073 ◽  
Author(s):  
YONG-JING CHEN ◽  
JING QIAN ◽  
TING-JIN LIU ◽  
ZHU-XIA LI ◽  
XI-ZHEN WU ◽  
...  

The partition of the total excitation energy between the fission fragments for the n th +235 U and n(En = 5.55 MeV)+235 U fission reactions are analyzed with the experimental data available. Our results show that the total excitation energy is not shared by the fragments in proportion of their masses but support the so-called energy sorting-mechanism. The temperature of the heavy fragment is generally lower than that of the light one when the shell effect does not play a strong role. As soon as the mass of heavy fragment closes to 132, its temperature becomes higher than the complementary light one because of strong shell effect. Our results also show that the heavy fragments gain more energy than the complementary light ones when the incident neutron energy increases.


2011 ◽  
Vol 867 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Manailescu ◽  
A. Tudora ◽  
F.-J. Hambsch ◽  
C. Morariu ◽  
S. Oberstedt

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Nishinaka ◽  
Y. Nagame ◽  
H. Ikezoe ◽  
M. Tanikawa ◽  
Y. L. Zhao ◽  
...  

1988 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. L61-L65
Author(s):  
F A Almeida ◽  
Y T Chen ◽  
M S Hussein ◽  
R Donangelo

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