scholarly journals Ruptura de parejas y efectos coulombianos en la fisión fría de las reacciones 233U(nth, f), 235U(nth, f) y 239PU(nth, f) Pair breaking and coulomb effects in cold fission reactions from 233U(nth, f), 235U(nth, f) y 239PU(nth, f)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14

Ruptura de parejas y efectos coulombianos en la fisión fría de las reacciones 233U(nth, f), 235U(nth, f) y 239PU(nth, f) Pair breaking and coulomb effects in cold fission reactions from 233U(nth, f), 235U(nth, f) y 239PU(nth, f) Modesto Montoya Instituto Peruano de Energía Nuclear, Canadá 1470, San Borja, Lima, Perú Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Av. Túpac Amaru 210, Rímac, Lima, Perú DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2012.0014/ Resumen En este trabajo se muestra los efectos de la ruptura de parejas de nucleones y de la interacción electrostática entre fragmentos sobre la distribución de masa y energía cinética en la fisión fría de la fisión de 233U, 235U y 239Pu inducida por neutrones térmicos. El proceso de fisión termina en el punto de escisión, cuando se forman los fragmentos complementarios 1 y 2, con masas y . Luego, esos fragmentos se alejan entre sí y adquieren energías cinéticas y . Los fragmentos emiten y ; llegando a los detectores con masas y valores de energía cinética respectivamente. Como consecuencia de ello, en regiones donde el promedio de , en función de , varía abruptamente, el ancho de la distribución de , en función de , será mucho mayor que lo fue para para la distribución de en función de . Por otro lado, la emisión de neutrones erosiona los efectos par-impar sobre la distribución de número de neutrones de los fragmentos, definido como la diferencia de rendimientos relativos de los fragmentos con par y impar, respectivamente. En consecuencia, la emisión de neutrones también erosiona el efecto par-impar sobre la distribución de masas de los fragmentos. Para evitar estas perturbaciones, se estudia la fisión fría, i.e. fisión sin emisión de neutrones. Se selecciona ventanas de energía cinética total cercanas al valor máximo de la energía disponible, las que corresponden a bajos valores de energía de excitación total. Contrario a lo que se esperaba, en estas ventanas de energía cinética se observa un débil efecto par-impar sobre la distribución de masa de fragmentos. Sin embargo, este resultado no es incompatible con un alto efecto par-impar sobre la distribución de cargas o sobre la distribución del número de neutrones. Por otro lado, en la fisión fría se observa que el valor mínimo de la energía cinética total ( que alcanzan los fragmentos, en función de la masa, está correlacionada con el “exceso de energía electrostática” definido como la diferencia entre la energía de interacción electrostática de los fragmentos complementarios (asumidos esféricos) en el punto de escisión y la energía disponible de la reacción. Esta correlación explica también las fluctuaciones de la energía cinética máxima en función de la masa. El efecto crece con la asimetría de las fragmentaciones de carga. En suma, los datos experimentales sobre la fisión fría sugieren que las configuraciones de escisión exploran todas las posibilidades que permite la energía disponible para la fisión. Descriptores: uranio 233-234, plutonio 239 cold, fission. Abstract This paper shows pair breaking and electrostatic (Coulomb) interaction effects on the distribution of mass and kinetic energy in cold fission of 233U, 235U and 239Pu thermal neutron induced. The fission process ends at the scission point, when the complementary fragments 1 and 2, having masses y are formed. Then those fragments goes away each other and acquire kinetic energies y , reaching the detectors after emission of y neutrons, having masses and kinetic energies, respectively. As a result, in regions where the average of varies abruptly as function of , the distribution of will be wider than it was for the distribution of as a function of . Furthermore, the emission of neutrons erodes odd-even effects on the distribution of neutron number, defined as the difference between the relatives yields of fragments with even and odd, respectively. Neutron emission, consequently, also erodes the odd-even effect on the mass distribution of the fragments. To avoid these disturbances, cold fission, i.e. with no neutron emission, is studied. Windows with total kinetic energy close to the maximum available energy, corresponding to low total excitation energy, are selected. Contrary to expected, for that excitation energy region, a weak even-odd effect is observed. This result is not incompatible with a strong odd-even effect on the charge distribution or neutron number distribution. Moreover, in cold fission, the minimum value of total excitation energy, as a function of , is correlated with the "Coulomb energy excess" defined as the difference between the energy electrostatic interaction of the complementary fragments (assumed spherical) in the scission point and the available energy of the reaction. This also explains correlation fluctuations in the maximum kinetic energy as a function of the mass. This effect increases with the asymmetry of the charge fragmentations. In sum, the experimental data on cold fission suggest that scission configurations explore all the possibilities available energy for fission. Keywords: uranium 233 235 plutonium 239 cold fission.

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Modesto Montoya

En este trabajo se muestra los efectos de la ruptura de parejas de nucleones y de la interacción electrostática entre fragmentos sobre la distribución de masa y energía cinética en la fisión fría de la fisión de 233U, 235U y 239Pu inducida por neutrones térmicos. El proceso de fisión termina en el punto de escisión, cuando se forman los fragmentos complementarios 1 y 2, con masas y A1A2. Luego, esos fragmentos se alejan entre sí y adquieren energías cinéticas y E1E2. Los fragmentos emiten neutrones erosionando la distribución de masa y energía. Para evitar estas perturbaciones, se estudia la fisión fría i.e., fisión sin emisión de neutrones. Contrario a lo que se esperaba, en estas ventanas de energía cinética se observa un débil efecto par-impar sobre la distribución de masa de fragmentos. Por otro lado, en la fisión fría se observa que el valor mínimo de la energía cinética total (X) que alcanzan los fragmentos, en función de la masa, está correlacionada con el “exceso de energía electrostática” definido como la diferencia entre la energía de interacción electrostática de los fragmentos complementarios (asumidos esféricos) en el punto de escisión y la energía disponible de la reacción. Esta correlación explica también las fluctuaciones de la energía cinética máxima en función de la masa. El efecto crece con la asimetría de las fragmentaciones de carga. En suma, los datos experimentales sobre la fisión fría sugieren que las configuraciones de escisión exploran todas las posibilidades que permite la energía disponible para la fisión. Palabras clave.-Uranio 233, 234 plutonio, 239 cold fission. ABSTRACTTThis paper shows pair breaking and electrostatic (Coulomb) interaction effects on the distribution of mass and kinetic energy in cold fission of 233U, 235U and 239Pu thermal neutron induced. The fission process ends at the scission point, when the complementary fragments 1 and 2, having masses y A1A2 are formed. Those fragments goes away each other and acquire kinetic energies y E1E2. The fragments emit neutrons eroding mass and kinetic energy distribution. In order to avoid these disturbances, cold fission, i.e. with no neutron emission, is studied. Contrary to expected, for that excitation energy region, tough weak, an even-odd effect is observed.This result is not incompatible with a strong odd-even effect on the charge distribution or neutron number distribution. Moreover In cold fission, the minimum value of total excitation energy ( ), as a function of , is correlated with the "Coulomb energy excess" defined as the difference between the energy electrostatic interaction of the complementary fragments (assumed spherical) in the scission point and the available energy of the reaction. This also explains correlation fluctuations in the maximum kinetic energy as a function of the mass. This effect increases with the asymmetry of the charge fragmentations. In sum, the experimental data on cold fission suggest that scission configurations explore all the possibilities available energy for fission. Keywords.-Uranium 233, 235 plutonium, 239 cold fission.


2021 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 00017
Author(s):  
Anabella Tudora

Two models with a deterministic treatment of prompt emission in fission were developed at the University of Bucharest. Both models work with the same ranges of initial fragments and total kinetic energy and they use the same partition of the total excitation energy at full acceleration based on modelling at scission. The main difference between these modelings regards the prompt emission treatment itself. I.e. the Point-by-Point (PbP) model uses a global treatment of sequential emission while the other modeling is based on an event-by-event treatment of sequential emission. Both models are submitted to a rigorous validation. This paper focuses on model results of different prompt γ-ray quantities, which describe very well the existing experimental data. A new method to calculate prompt γ-ray spectra, including a global treatment based on the distribution of prompt γ-ray energy per quanta, is proposed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Julien-Laferrière ◽  
A. Chebboubi ◽  
G. Kessedjian ◽  
O. Serot ◽  
O. Litaize ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
V.A. KALININ ◽  
V.N. DUSHIN ◽  
B.F. PETROV ◽  
V.A. JAKOVLEV ◽  
A.S. VOROBYEV ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 01037
Author(s):  
G. Mantovani ◽  
D. Ramos ◽  
M. Caamaño ◽  
A. Lemasson ◽  
M. Rejmund ◽  
...  

Fission at low excitation energy, is a process in which both macroscopic and microscopic aspects are involved. Some features in the total kinetic energy and in the N/Z distributions of the fragments, commonly associated with shell effects, came out in a series of recent experiments with high excitation energy fusionfission reactions in inverse kinematics. In the latest experiment of this campaign, a study of high-energy fission and quasi-fission between a 238U beam and a series of light targets was carried out by using the aforementioned technique, in order to probe the role of the shell structure in these processes.


2019 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 04003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakir Zeynalov ◽  
Pavel Sedyshev ◽  
Valery Shvetsov ◽  
Olga Sidorova

The prompt neutron emission in thermal neutron induced fission of 235U and spontaneous fission of 252Cf was investigated by using digital signal electronics. The goal was to check a new revised data analysis software with fission fragment (FF) kinetic energy corrections after prompt fission neutron (PFN) emission. The revised software was used to reanalyze old data measured in EC-JRC-IRMM, where 252Cf(sf) reaction was investigated. Both measurements were done using similar twin Frisch grid ionization chamber for fission fragment detection with equivalent NE213 fast neutron detector. About 0.5*106 FF with PFN coincidences have been analyzed in both measurements. The fission fragment kinetic energy, mass and angular distribution were investigated along with prompt neutron time of flight and pulse shape analysis using a six channel synchronous waveform digitizer (WFD) with sampling frequency of 250 MHz and 12 bit resolution in the 235U(nth,f) reaction. Similar WFD with sampling frequency of 100 MHz was used for PFN investigation in 252Cf(sf) reaction. These two experiments were considered as a reference for further investigations with a new setup composed of position sensitive ionization chamber to detect FF and an array of 32 liquid scintillators recently constructed in Dubna to detect neutrons.


2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (38) ◽  
pp. 2050315
Author(s):  
R. Razavi ◽  
O. Nouri ◽  
A. Rahmatinejad ◽  
S. Mohammadi

Excitation-energy dependent parity ratios in the level densities of [Formula: see text] isotopes are calculated within a microscopic approach. Introducing a parity equilibration parameter, energy dependence of the transition from where a single parity dominates to a parity equilibrated state is compared among [Formula: see text] isotopes and its relation to the pairing effect is investigated. A correlation between the pair-breaking and the equilibration of parity distributions is observed for the considered isotopes.


1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1626-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. D. Milton ◽  
J. S. Fraser

The prompt mass and kinetic energy distributions resulting from the thermal neutron fission of U233, U235, and Pu239 have been reinvestigated using time-of-flight methods to measure simultaneously the velocities of the fragment pairs. A new feature shown by the present work is the existence of fine structure in the prompt mass yields. This fine structure is most pronounced at high total kinetic energies where the fragments have little excitation energy and may be associated with irregularities in the energy release as a function of mass. The fine structure is most noticeable in U235 and least in Pu239; the fragments of U235 have the lowest average excitation and those of Pu239, the highest. Another feature, which is confirmed by this work, is the large drop in total kinetic energy when the fragments are near symmetry. This decrease is about 35 Mev and is consistent either with a picture in which the nucleus with 50 protons is especially preferred or with one in which fragments at symmetric fission have an abnormally high excitation energy and a consequent large number of neutrons. The mean kinetic energies for thermal neutron fission of U233, U235, and Pu239 were found to be 167.6, 168.3, and 175.0 Mev with an error of ± 1.7 Mev.


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