Bottom-up effects on arthropod communities in Platycyamus regnellii (Fabaceae) fertilized with dehydrated sewage sludge

Sewage sludge is a nitrogen-rich organic compound, which can be used to aid development in plants such as Platycyamus regnellii (Fabaceae), in the recovery of degraded areas. This study aimed to assess the bottom-up effects on leaf mass and percentage ofground cover (leaf litter, herbaceous plants, and grasses) in P. regnellii trees fertilized (or not) with dehydrated sewage sludge and arthropod communities over 24 months. Platycyamus regnellii trees fertilized with dehydrated sewage sludge presented significantly more leavesper branch, branches per tree, and a higher percentage of ground cover compared to unfertilized trees. Phenacoccus sp. (Pseudococcidae) was the most abundant phytophagous insect associated with P. regnellii trees. Fertilization did not affect the abundance, diversity, and species richness of Hemiptera phytophagous on P. regnellii trees. However, fertilizedtrees presented higher abundance and species richness of trophobiont-tending ants compared to unfertilized trees, with Camponotus sp. being the most abundant regardless of the treatment. Fertilized P. regnellii trees also presented higher species richness of natural enemies compared to unfertilized ones, with Aranae and Dolichopodidae being the most abundant. We concluded that fertilization with dehydrated sewage sludge improved P. regnellii trees leafmass and ground cover and increased the diversity of trophobiont-tending ants and natural enemies. To our knowledge, this is the first study on the arthropods community associated withthis tree species. This suggests that upon fertilization, P. renellii trees are useful for ecological restoration in severely disturbed areas.

ДИНАМИКА ПОПУЛЯЦИИ ОЛЕНЬКА ОБЫКНОВЕННОГО (DORCUS PARALLELIPIPIDUS L., 1758) В ГОРОДСКОМ ПАРКЕ

В 2018-2020 гг. исследована популяции оленька обыкновенного (Dorcus parallelipipedus L.), занесенного в Красную книгу Республики Татарстан, на территории парка «Крылья Советов» г. Казани. Установлено, что продолжительность периода активности жука составляет 95‒105 дней. Ведущим фактором динамики уловистости D. parallelipipedus на территории парка является температура воздуха. В 2019 г. произошло сильное смещение и сокращение сроков активности жука из-за пониженных температур во второй половине лета. К 2020 г. численность оленька сократилась в 2.4 раза. На это оказали влияние высокая рекреационная нагрузка в парке и погодные условия. Среди собранных жуков в большей мере преобладали погибшие особи (80%). Соотношение полов в популяции оленька обыкновенного в 2018 г. было оптимально равновесным, а в 2020 г. количество самок стало в 2.3 раза больше самцов. Библиографические ссылки 1. Берлов Э.Я., Кабакова О.Н. Атлас рогачей (Lucanidae) России // URL: https://www.zin.ru/Animalia/Coleoptera/rus/lucanida.htm (дата обращения: 21.01.2021). 2. Гершензон С.М. Основы современной генетики. Киев: Наукова думка, 1983. 558 с. 3. Красная книга Республики Татарстан: животные, растения, грибы. Казань: Природа, ТОО «Стар», 1995. 454 с. 4. Красная книга Республики Татарстан: животные, растения. Изд. 2-е. Казань: Идел–Пресс, 2006. 832 с. 5. Красная книга Республики Татарстан: животные, растения, грибы. Изд. 3-е. Казань: Идел–Пресс, 2016. 760 с. 6. Кузовенко А.Е., Киреева А.С., Мазяркина Т.Н. Находка оленька Dorcus parallelipipedus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera:Lucanidae) в Казахстане // Кавказский энтомологический бюллетень. 2019. Т. 15, вып. 1. С. 59–60. 7. Экология города Казани. Казань: Изд-во «Фэн» Академии наук РТ, 2005. 576 с. 8. Alexander K.N.A., Mannerkoski I., Pettersson R., Mason F., Schmidl J. Dorcus parallelipipedus // The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010. e.T157667A5120866. 9. Bartolozzi L., Sprecher-Uebersax E. Lucanidae // Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 3. Scarabaeoidea – Scirtoidea – Dascilloidea – Buprestoidea – Byrrhoidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark, 2006. P. 63–77. 10. Bartolozzi L., Ghahari H., Sprecher-Uebersax E., Zilioli M. A checklist of stag beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Lucanidae) from Iran // Zootaxa. 2014. V. 3887, №3. P. 422–436. 11. Della Rocca F., Stefanelli S., Cardarelli E., Bogliani G., Bracco F. Contribution to the knowledge of the arthropods community inhabiting the winter-flooded meadows (marcite) of northern Italy // Biodiversity data journal. 2021. 9. e57889. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e57889. 12. Dorcus parallelipipedus (Linnaeus, 1758) in GBIF Secretariat. GBIF Backbone taxonomy. 2019. https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei. 13. Hardersen S., Ilaria T., Paolo C., Gianfranco C., Piero L., Gianluca N., Fabio P., Emanuele P., Giuseppe P. Survey of selected beetle families in a floodplain remnant in northern Italy // Bulletin of insectology. 2012. V. 65, №2. P. 199–207. 14. Paulsen M.J. Stag beetles of the genus Dorcus MacLeay in North America (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) // Current advances in Scarabaeoidea research. ZooKeys. 2010. V. 34. P. 199–207. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.34.292. 15. Linnaei C. Systema Naturae Per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classses, Ordines, Genera, Species, Cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima, Reformata. Holmiae [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii. 1758. Bl. 823 p.

The diversity of arthropods community in dunes and a palm grove (Phoenix dactylifera) in the Touggourt region (Septentrionale Sahara)

An inventory of arthropods was carried out at locations in the desert area of Touggourt, southeast Algeria. Samples were collected from two diverse habitats, a palm grove (agricultural habitat) and dunes (natural habitat). Using the Barber pitfall trap, 1100 specimens, divided into four classes, 15 orders, 44 families and 99 species were obtained. In the palm grove, 660 arthropods were trapped, belonging to four classes and 12 orders. Of these four classes, Insecta dominated followed by Crustacea, Arachnida and Entognata. Insecta accounted for 59.49% of the total capture and was dominated by two orders: Hymenoptera (41.81%) and Amphipoda (34.55%). In the Hymenoptera, Cataglyphis sp. was the most abundant (38.2%), followed by Pheidole pallidula (2.3%). In the dunes, 440 individuals were trapped. Insecta was the most abundant (90.69%), and Crustacea and Arachnida were scarce. Of the dominance by insects, Hymenoptera was most abundant (68.15%), and within that order, Cataglyphis bombycina (35.5%) was the most abundant followed by Monomorium subopacum (8.9%). In the palm grove, 42 species were recorded, compared to 57 in the dunes. The Shannon–Weaver index and equitability varied in both stations. In the palm grove, the diversity was 2.6, and the equitability was 0.5. By contrast in the dunes, the diversity was equal to 4 and the Equitability equal to 0.7. The differences in vegetation between the two sites reflect the differences in species diversity.

The Impact of Lampenflora on Cave-dwelling Arthropods in Gunungsewu Karst, Java, Indonesia

The development of wild caves into show caves is required an installation of electric lights along the cave passages for illumination and decoration purposes for tourist attraction. The presence of artificial lights can stimulate the growth of photosynthetic organisms such as lampenflora and alter the typical cave ecosystem. The study was aimed to detect the effect of lampenflora on cave-dwelling arthropods community. Four caves were sampled during the study, 2 caves are show caves with the existence of lampenflora and 2 others are wild caves without lampenflora. Arthropods sampling were conducted by hand collecting, pitfall trap, bait trap and berlese extractor. Lampenflora comprises of algae (Phycophyta), moss (Bryophyta) and fern (Pteridophyta) grow mostly around white light lamps. Richness, diversity, and evenness indices of Arthropods are higher in caves with the existence of lampenflora compared to caves without lampeflora. This study clearly shows that the presence of lampenflora can increase Arthropods diversity and suppress dominancy of common Arthropods species in caves, also increasing the relative abundance of predators. This condition will shift the ecosystem equilibrium and lead to cave ecosystem destruction. The results of this study should be a scientific consideration for show cave development and management. Lampenfloras have to be removed from all caves and preventive efforts should be taken to minimize their growth.