Effect of the compound GIZH -290 and levetiracetam on epileptic activity in rat brain structures on EEG models of bemegrid-induced seizures

The effect of levetiracetam (a derivative of 4-phenylpyrrolidone) and its original analog, the compound GIZH-290, on primary generalized epileptic activity (EpA) in rat brain structures (sensorimotor cortex, dorsal hippocampus-CA3 field and lateral hypothalamus field) on EEG models of bemegridinduced seizures was studied. It was found that EpA, after the introduction of bemegrid, appears in 1–2 minutes in the form of prolonged generalized high-amplitude discharges and is registered within 3 hours. GIZH-290 (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, 15 minutes after bemegrid) causes a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the number of epileptic discharges in the cortex and at the level of the trend in the hippocampus, which is accompanied by a decrease in the amplitude of the Epi-discharges. Levetiracetam at a dose of 200 mg / kg does not significantly change the severity of paroxysmal activity (the number of convulsive discharges and their duration) caused by bemegrid.

Multiple Dural Tuberculomas Presenting as Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis

Objective and Importance. We present the rare occurrence of multiple dural-based tuberculomas mimicking leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in a young immunocompetent patient.Clinical Presentation. A 36-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of generalized epileptic activity and altered perception. Neurological examination was remarkable for bilateral Babinski's sign. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple dural-based enhancing lesions with cerebral edema.Intervention. A right frontal craniotomy was performed for diagnosis. Histological examination revealed multiple confluent necrotizing and nonnecrotizing granulomas with giant cells which was consistent with tuberculosis (TB), and the patient was placed on anti-TB therapy for 24 months.Conclusion. To the best of our knowledge isolated diffuse involvement of the dura mater by TB, mimicking leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, as the sole manifestation of disease has not been reported before. Since pachymeningeal TB is rarely suspected when atypical radiological appearance is combined with the absence of systemic disease, biopsy is inevitably required for diagnosis.