In order to improve the pronunciation effect of students in music classroom, based on computer speech simulation technology, this paper combines speech recognition technology and speech feature extraction technology to summarize the various acoustic parameters of speech and the perception of the information by the human ear, and establishes the physical model and digital model of the speech signal. Through the analysis of voice signals, this paper selects several acoustic parameters that can reflect individual characteristics, and studies the methods of their extraction and adjustment to construct a pronunciation correction system for music students based on computer voice simulation. Finally, this paper designs experiments to verify the performance of the system constructed in this paper. The research results show that the system constructed in this paper has certain practical effects and enriches the expressive power of machine speech. The process of synthesizing speech is simple, and the practical effect is good, which meets the current music teaching needs.