switching strategies
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AIDS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. S153-S163
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Papot ◽  
Richard Kaplan ◽  
Marco Vitoria ◽  
Mark N. Polizzotto

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-63
Author(s):  
Johanna Domokos ◽  
Marianna Deganutti

Abstract The field of literary multilingualism has quickly grown over the last decades. Multiple studies have examined the way linguistic diversity manifests itself in literature by focusing on specific strategies such as code-switching, code-mixing, code-shifting, hybridization, etc. However, the current understanding of multilingual practices is still dominated by a remarkable terminological inconsistency. In this article, we provide a new theoretical framework called ‘literary code-switching’ (Domokos 2018–2020), that can be used to examine most literary multilingual practices – from the most hidden or latent to the more manifest ones. This formulation, which is scaled into degrees from 0 to 5, will be applied to some key examples taken from the works of Imre Madách, Mihály Tompa, Imre Oravecz, Attila Jász, Ferenc Karinthy, Terézia Mora and Anne Tardos. The aim of picking up these heuristic examples from Hungarian literature is to point towards the necessity of investigating literature more systematically according to its hidden and manifest linguistic diversity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 1009-1017
Author(s):  
Tamila V. Martynyuk ◽  
Irina E. Chazova

The paper summarizes the most important aspects of modern treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH): the goals of therapy are indicated, the issues of risk stratification of PAH progression/mortality, the place of combination specific therapy and switching strategies are considered, as well as new promising approaches to therapy; features of the course of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in this category of patients are discussed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Xu ◽  
Zhiyong Yin ◽  
Ligang Zhu ◽  
Jun Jin ◽  
Qingzhu He ◽  
...  

Emerging evidences have suggested that oscillation is important for the induction of cell death. However, whether and how oscillation behavior is involved and required for necroptosis remain elusive. To address this question, a minimal necroptotic circuit is proposed based on the CNS pathway. Stochastic parameter analysis demonstrates that the essential structure for oscillation of the CNS circuit is constituted by a paradoxical component embedded with positive feedback among the three protein nodes, i.e., RIP1, caspase-8, and RIP3. Distribution characteristics of all parameters in the CNS circuit with stable oscillation are investigated as well, and a unidirectional bias with fast and slow dynamics that are required for high occurrence probability of oscillation is identified. Four types of oscillation behaviors are classified and their robustness is further explored, implying that the fast oscillation behavior is more robust than the slow behavior. In addition, bifurcation analysis and landscape approach are employed to study stochastic dynamics and global stability of the circuit oscillations, revealing the possible switching strategies among different behaviors. Taken together, our study provides a natural and physical bases for understanding the occurrence of oscillations in the necroptotic network, advancing our knowledge of oscillations in regulating the various cell death signaling.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Conti ◽  
Giovanni Damiani ◽  
Roberta Ruggeri ◽  
Giulia Odorici ◽  
Francesca Farnetani ◽  
...  

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