Proposal for Modernisation of Large Block System Buildings (Lbs) - Facades – Lublin University of Technology

The over 40-years-old housing stock from the industrialized mass housing era is today functionally deficient and does not meet the current needs of residents. In particular, there are numerous architectural barriers, the systems are worn and obsolete, and the number of housing types is very limited. Examples of the modernization of multi-story residential buildings (the article presents those from Russia and Ukraine) confirm that this problem is universal, and a significant improvement of the building’s. utility value can be achieved through a relatively small modification of the building fabric: precast concrete structures of the buildings prove to be flexible enough to accommodate deep changes. The authors present a concept of modernization of a building erected in a “large block” system, typical for the Polish housing of the 1970s in many cities. The case study concerns a particular building located in Lublin in one of the large housing estates – the concept of its modernization is compatible with the local spatial development plan, the proposed solutions are architecturally coherent and technically feasible.

Methodical approaches to recreational and tourist cycles - fundamentals of recreational and tourist nature management

The article analyzes the essence and significance of recreational and tourist activities as a component of recreational and tourist cycles. Thus, recreation and tourism can be considered as a separate large block of nature - recreational and tourist nature management (RTP), which allows not only each person to use a favorable resource base for recreation, but also leads to changes in this area and the formation, as a result, multilevel ecological situations. The authors argue that a scientifically sound system of recreational and tourist resources is being formed, which helps tourists and vacationers to be aware of the geographical location of certain objects of recreation and contemplation.

SQUEEZING OUT PLASTIC LAVA BLOCKS ON YOUNG SHIVELUCH VOLCANO (KAMCHATKA) IN 2020–2021

Volcano Young Sheveluch is one of the most active volcanoes in Kamchatka. Since August 1980 to the present time, an extrusive dome has been growing in the crater of the volcano. Plastic lavas in the form of large ribbons were noted on the dome already in 1980–1981, the first lava flow was observed after a paroxysmal eruption on May 9, 2004. The next large block of lava started to extrude in the end of April – beginning of May 2020. By June, 11th, it rose above the dome on 50–80 m, and up to 120 m by the end of October. On September 28, it was noted that the lava block acquired smooth surfaces. Portions of lava squeezed out from inside of the volcano in August – September were plastic. By December 8, the block had collapsed. In February 2021, a new block of plastic lava began to rise from the destroyed block. In March its height above the dome exceeded 50–60 m, and 200 m in June.

Labor costs management in the large-block construction of NPP

The article continues the research of the features of the use of prefabricated cast-in-place structures in the construction of nuclear power plants (NPP), the organizational and economic feasibility of the use of prefabricated cast-in-place structures in the implementation of new projects for the construction of nuclear power plants. The estimation of labor costs and resource costs of installation of large-block structures for the reactor building of the NPP was made. The dependence of labor costs for the installation of reinforced blocks, depending on the share of using reinforced blocks during the construction of the reactor building of a nuclear power plant, was obtained. The dependence of the overall labor costs for the industrial production and installation of reinforced blocks, depending on the share of using reinforced blocks during the construction of the reactor building of a nuclear power plant, was obtained. Graphical representations of dependencies are illustrated. The main daily resource consumption for the installation of reinforced blocks during large-block construction has been analytically calculated. The data on the required shares of labor costs at industrial enterprises and at the construction site in percentage terms were obtained. The conclusion is made about the rational use of large-block construction in the implementation of NPP construction projects.

CHEMICAL CORROSION PROCESSES OCCURRING IN THE MATERIAL OF LARGE-BLOCK POROUS CERAMICS

Large-block porous ceramics, which enter the market of building materials, have a number of undeniable qualities: low thermal conductivity, low density, high aesthetic qualities. According to its design features, this material is a modern prototype of hollow bricks used in construction since the nineteenth century. Field studies of the work of enclosing structures using hollow bricks have shown that in many cases, the bricks laid in the enclosing structures of buildings 60-80 years ago were significantly destroyed. In this case, the destruction mechanism does not depend on the polythermal load on the material. The hypothesis that the destruction is associated with the chemical destruction of the material was investigated using the developed method for determining the chemical resistance of the material of wall ceramics. The conducted studies confirmed the hypothesis. Studies of the chemical resistance of the material of large-block porous ceramics should be taken into account in the production technology of ceramics.

Rational parameters of the transportless technological scheme for the development of strata with maximum permissible dip angle

In this article the rational value of overburden cut width and thickness of transportless overburden at mining of two dispersed flat seams IV-V and VI at Kureinsky section of Sibirginsky open pit mine are presented, which makes it possible to minimize the volume of rock re-excavation under the condition of the planned annual productivity of coal on the open pit and to ensure reduction of stripping costs. This task is complicated by the fact that the dip angle at the section is close to the limit on the condition of the possibility of spoiling of internal dump, and since the overburden rocks of the section are represented mainly by large-block sandstones on the clay cement and siltstones and their compressive strength is 60-80 MPa, then it is required to use a drilling and blasting method of their preparation for excavation. Under such conditions, optimizing the parameters of the transportless excavation scheme is of special importance for effective mining of the section.