The impact of US policy on contraceptive access: a policy analysis

Background Contraceptive access is influenced by policy decisions, which can expand and constrict the contraceptive options available. This study explored the impact of recent US federal policy on contraceptive access. Methods Federal policy changes impacting contraceptive access over the past decade were identified in grey literature. These policy changes were organized into a timeline and analyzed according to Levesque et al.'s (2013) five dimensions of healthcare access (approachability, acceptability, availability/accommodation, affordability, and appropriateness), noting the most salient healthcare dimension impacted by the policy change and analyzing whether, according to this framework, the policy created a theoretical increase or decrease in contraceptive access. Results Of those policy changes coded as increasing (n = 42) and decreasing (n = 28) contraceptive access, most were related to the affordability (increasing n = 13; decreasing n = 12), physical availability (increasing n = 10; decreasing n = 7), and appropriateness (increasing n = 12; decreasing n = 4) of contraceptive care. Policy changes largely followed partisan divides, with contraceptive access increasing in years with a Democratic president and decreasing when a Republican president was in office. Many policy changes were related to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and Title X of the Public Health Services Act. The implementation of the ACA and subsequent updates to it have increased the affordability of contraception, whereas changes to Title X have decreased the availability and appropriateness of contraceptive care. Conclusions This study highlights recent policy changes impacting contraceptive access, organizing them according to the five dimensions of healthcare access. It outlines specific policy barriers to contraceptive access and provides suggestions for policy and practice action that will improve contraceptive access and reproductive autonomy. Opportunities to ensure contraceptive access for all Americans include promoting comprehensive sex education, extending the Community Health Center Fund, increasing contraceptive care options for people with employers who are exempted from the ACA contraceptive mandate, addressing discrimination and building trust in contraceptive care, and amplifying outreach efforts to combat misinformation and confusion created by continuous changes to key family planning policies. Continued research on the role of policy in determining reproductive autonomy is warranted, and practice and policy action is needed to improve contraceptive access.

Anti-money laundering and counter terrorist financing under the EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement

Title X of the EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement addresses cooperation between these two entities with regards to Anti-money laundering and counter terrorist financing. While these provisions state a common desire to pursue common efforts in this domain, there is no denying that Brexit will impact existing and contemplated cooperation channels.

The Future of the Indispensable Insurer: The Biden Administration and Medicaid

Medicaid presents both legislative and regulatory challenges and opportunities. As it moves a legislative agenda forward, the Biden administration also will confront a series of immediate regulatory matters, some of which have been made urgent because of pending judicial action. Chief among these pressing matters are ending Medicaid work requirements and block grant experiments, rescinding the public charge rule, ensuring optimal use of Medicaid’s enrollment and renewal simplification tools, rescinding the Title X family planning rule (which has enormous implications for Medicaid beneficiaries), and, when the time comes, preparing states to wind down the “Families First” Medicaid maintenance of effort protection while avoiding erroneous beneficiary disenrollment. The administration could consider encouraging remaining non-expansion states to pursue 1115 Medicaid expansion experiments; in addition, the administration could pursue Medicaid pandemic recovery demonstrations to support health system recovery during the long period that lies ahead. Thus, while certain advances must await legislation, the administration can move Medicaid forward through executive action.

Los títulos nobiliarios y el mundo anime: el caso Pokémon y Bastión Batalla | Titles of nobility and the anime world: the case of Pokémon and Battle Bastion

En el año 2013 la empresa japonesa Game Freak lanza al mercado la sexta generación del videojuego Pokémon bajo el título X e Y. En esta edición por primera vez, y única hasta la actualidad, los jugadores obtienen tras sus victorias de combate la recompensa de obtener un título nobiliario. Junto al videojuego, los títulos nobiliarios también son objeto de un capítulo de la serie anime Pokémon y son referenciados en el cómic manga de la saga.La investigación exploratoria nos lleva a conocer cuáles son los requisitos para conseguir los diferentes títulos nobiliarios en el juego anime y la precedencia que se establece entre ellos. Asimismo, comprobamos cómo a través de los diferentes productos del mundo Pokémon (videojuego, serie y cómic) se favorece el conocimiento de los títulos nobiliarios a sus seguidores.A su vez, vamos a acercarnos al significado actual de título nobiliario, materia que es estudiada en los diferentes grados universitarios existentes en España en relación al protocolo y la organización de eventos.En definitiva, esta investigación pone en relación la disciplina del protocolo con el mundo de los videojuegos y de esta manera destacar como el protocolo forma parte de cualquier realidad._____________________In 2013 the Japanese company Game Freak launched onto the market the sixth series of the videogame Pokémon under the title X and Y. In this edition, for the first -and only- time so far, gamers are rewarded their victories with a title of nobility. Along with the videogame, titles of nobility are also the topic of a chapter in Pokémon´s anime series and are also referenced in the saga´s manga.The exploratory research leads us to know what the requirements are in order to get the different titles of nobility in the anime game and the precedent established between them. Likewise, we can verify how knowledge about titles of nobility is promoted to its followers through the different products of Pokémon world (videogame, animated series and comic).At the same time, we are going to make an approach to the current meaning of a title of nobility, a subject studied in different university degrees currently developed in Spain related to protocol and events organization.In conclusion, this research object is to relate the discipline of protocol with the world of videogames and this way highlight how protocol takes part of any reality.