Perbandingan Viskositas, Titik Nyala dan Titik Beku Biodiesel dari Rumput Laut (Eucheuma denticulatum), Minyak Ikan Lemuru (Sardinellla longiceps) dan Biodiesel Komersil [ The Comparison of Viscosity, Flash Point and Freeze Point Biodiesel of Seagrass (Eucheuma denticulatum), Sardinella Oi]

Necessity of fuel are increasing rapidly nowadays. But oil is an irreversible product, so it is required to look for other alternative fuels, especially from renewable materials. Currently being developed technology that uses biodiesel as renewable alternative fuel. The aim of this research to determine whether oil and seaweed Eucheuma denticulatum and Lemuru fish oil can be used as materials for biodiesel. This research was conducted by observing and comparing the flash point, freeze point, and viscosity of each treatments. The Method in this research is experimental method and supported by panelist. There were 9 treatments in this study, there are P0 (Biodiesel commercial), P1 (Biodiesel Eucheuma denticulatum 100 %), P2 (Biodiesel Eucheuma denticulatum 75% + Biodiesel commercial 25%), P3 (Biodiesel Eucheuma denticulatum 50% + Biodiesel commercial 50%), P4 (Biodiesel Eucheuma denticulatum 25% + Biodiesel commercial 75%), P5 (Biodiesel Sardinella oil 100 %), P6 (Biodiesel Sardinella oil 75% + Biodiesel commercial 25%), P7 (Biodiesel Sardinella oil 50% + Biodiesel commercial 50%), and P8 (Biodiesel Sardinella oil 25% + Biodiesel commercial 75%). Each treatments was repeated 3 times. The main parameter observed was flash point, freeze point, and viscosity in every treatment. The data analysis used was non-parametric test with Friedman test and continued with Wilcoxon test. The results of this study indicate that the best of the nine treatments is P8 which is a mixture of lemuru fish oil biodiesel 25% and 75% biodieesel with the specifications freezing point -3oC, viscosity of 4.02 mm2 / s, and the flash point of 47.9oC.

Correlation of electric conductivity values with the dairy milk quality

<p class="abstrak2">Milk, as the prime source of food for mammals, has an electrolyte to replace the loss of body fluid caused by activity or metabolism process. The total electrolyte concentration can be measured based on conductivity value from the nutritional content. Therefore, the parameter of the quality of milk with conductivity value can be a benchmark for quality and selling value of milk, making it simpler to be implemented in the field. The aim of this research is to analyze the relation between electric conductivity (EC) with the content value of cow milk. The milk was taken from 10-30 cows from a farm in Lembang (district of West Bandung), Pengalengan (district of Bandung), Tasikmalaya, Sumedang, Subang, Sukabumi and Bogor of West Java Province. The milk was put in 50 ml of sterile falcon. The Probe EC count-meter CT-3031 was used to measure EC while the quality of milk was measured by Probe MilkoScan^TMFT 120 (Foss). The milk quality is reflected by protein content, Fat, Total Solid (TS), Solid Non-fat (SNF), Lactose, Density, Acidity and Freeze Point Deviation (FPD). The results of this study show that the EC value in the milk gives a very real positive effect (p=&lt;0.01) to Total Solid (TS), Solid Non-fat (SNF), Lactose, and Freeze Point Deviation (FPD). The value of EC also significantly affect (p=&lt;0.05) the value of density in milk. Therefore, the value of EC can be used to predict the quality value of milk.</p>