‘Kidulthood’: Ethnography, juvenile prison violence and the transition from ‘boys’ to ‘men’

The article explores how teenage boys (aged 15–18 years old) in an English young offender institution (YOI) engage in and construct prison violence. Focusing on the relationship between violence and the performance of adolescent prison masculinities, it presents three key findings. First, there are key differences between juvenile and adult prison violence (behaviour that is framed in terms of being a ‘real man’ or a ‘little boy’). Second, the performance of masculinity is complicated by the striking vulnerability of child prisoners and masks the real problems that all young people experience ‘ handling jail’. Third, the performance of ‘manhood’ is an unfinished, negotiated and incomplete work where young people exist in a state of liminality and ‘kidulthood’, catapulted into premature adulthood but retaining aspects of their childhood sensibilities and needs. Thus, gendered performances are mediated and constructed in accordance to youth and adulthood.

PERSPEKTIF PSIKOLOGI HUMANISTIK ABRAHAM MASLOW DALAM MENINJAU MOTIF PELAKU PEMBUNUHAN

Fokus penelitian ini diarahkan pada motif pelaku pembunuhan dengan meninjaunya melalui perspektif psikologi humanistik Abraham Maslow. Subyek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah dua orang narapidana yang berada di Lapas Kelas IIA Anak Martapura dengan kasus pembunuhan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi,dan pemeriksaan psikologis (tes grafis). Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa kedua subyek melakukan pembunuhan karena motif kebutuhan penghargaan yang terhambat. Terdapat dua faktor yang melatarbelakangi peristiwa pembunuhan yaitu faktor sosiologik dan faktor biologik. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan faktor sosiologik yang melatarbelakangi pembunuhan adalah faktor agama, pribadi, pendidikan dan ancaman, sedangkan faktor biologik yang melatarbelakangi pembunuhan adalah faktor pembawaan dan kepribadian. Kata kunci : Perspektif Psikologi Humanistik, Motif, Pelaku Pembunuhan The focus of this study was on the perpetrator’s motive by reviewing it through the perspective of Abraham Maslow’s humanistic psychology. The subjects in this study were two inmates with homicide in Juvenile Prison Class IIA Martapura. The method used in this study was a qualitative study method, and the data were collected using interviews, observation, documentation, and psychological examination (graphic test) techniques. Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded that the motive of both subjects committed murder was the hampered appreciation need, while the two factors behind the murder were sociologic factors (religion, personal issue, education and threat), and biological factors (personality and trait). Keywords: Perspective of Humanistic Psychology, Motive, Murderer