Part IV Intangible Property that is Incapable of Transfer, 21 Assignment of Burdens

This chapter studies the assignment of burdens. In general, while a benefit or right under a contract is assignable, a burden or obligation under that same contract will not be assignable. The rule that burdens cannot be assigned needs to be considered in the context of those choses—notably contracts, but also leases and shares—that contain both benefits and burdens. However, there are a number of limited exceptions to the general rule. These include the unpaid vendor's lien over land; the rule that the burden of a restrictive covenant over freehold land can bind successive owners of that land; the transfer of obligations contained in leases through successive landlords and tenants; the assumption of obligations by a new shareholder on the transfer of the legal title in the shares to him; and the doctrine of ‘conditional benefits’ which applies to the assignment of rights under a contract.

Analytical Investigation of Gaussian Roughness Effects on the Thermal Performance of Conical Microfins

Effects of Gaussian surface roughness on different aspects of thermal performance of conical microfins are investigated. A new analytical model is developed, applying the Adomian decomposition method. Convergence of the Adomian solution to the exact solution is shown, by increasing the number of computed decomposition terms. In addition, to verify the present solution, the obtained results are compared with the analytical results of Bahrami et al. (2007, “Role of Random Roughness on Thermal Performance of Microfins,” J. Thermophys. Heat Transfer, 21(1), pp. 153–157) for the uniform cross-section microfin. Surface roughness effects on temperature distribution, base heat flux at different Nusselt numbers, and thermal resistance of the microfin are investigated. It is observed that the thermal resistance of the smooth microfin is higher than the rough one and by increasing the roughness, the thermal resistance experiences further reduction.

Vadasz Number Influence on Vibration in a Rotating Porous Layer Placed Far Away From the Axis of Rotation

We consider vibration effects on the classical Rayleigh–Be’nard problem and the classical Vadasz (1994, “Stability of Free Convection in a Narrow Porous Layer Subject to Rotation,” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer, 21, pp. 881–890) problem, which includes rotation of a vertical porous layer about the z-axis. In particular, we focus on the influence of the Vadasz number on vibration for small to moderate and large Vadasz numbers. For small to moderate Vadasz numbers, we develop an analogy between the Vadasz problem (Vadasz, 1994, “Stability of Free Convection in a Narrow Porous Layer Subject to Rotation,” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer, 21, pp. 881–890) placed far away from the axis of rotation and classical Rayleigh–Be’nard problem, both of which include the effects of vibration. It is shown here that the stability criteria are identical to the Rayleigh–Be’nard problem with vibration when g∗=ω∗2X0∗. The analysis for the large Vadasz number scaling indicates that a frozen time approximation is appropriate where the effect of vibration is modeled as small variations in the Rayleigh number definition.

Joint Reconstruction Following Trauma: Comparison of Microsurgical Transfer and Conventional Methods: A Report of 61 Cases

Joint reconstruction at the metacarpophalangeal or proximal interphalangeal levels remains a difficult problem in hand surgery. The authors reviewed sixty-one joints reconstructed acutely or electively allowing to compare Swanson spacer (30 joints), interpositional arthroplasty (4), non vascularized joint transfer (5) and vascularized joint transfer (21). Among these, two different techniques have been used: island compound transfer from a finger bank (10) and free vascularized transfer from the second toe (10) or from a non replantable finger (1). It is not worth while comparing different techniques applied to different indications. The only point which can be stressed is the better average range of movement of metacarpophalangeal reconstruction compared to that obtained at the proximal interphalangeal level.