METHODOLOGY FOR FORMING AND IMPLEMENTING A TOUR AND DETERMINING ITS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY

The relevance of the study of issues in the context of tour operator activity is determined. Important issues of formation and promotion of the tour as the main component of tourist products are considered. A tour project is presented and an algorithm for creating a tourist product for several days for a specific tourist destination is demonstrated. The mechanism for determining the cost of a tour is revealed, which includes the cost of accommodation, meals, travel, excursion services and entertainment, support, insurance and other additional services provided to consumer tourists within the framework of a tourist project. At the same time, a mechanism for calculating individual elements of the tour price is presented. The method of calculating the company's profit and economic efficiency from the sale of the tour is revealed. General marketing directions in tourism are also proposed, which can be used to determine the preferences of tourists, present and promote almost all tourist products.

THE PROBLEM OF TRUST OF A HUMAN-OPERATOR TO THE UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE

Статья посвящена обоснованию доверия оператора беспилотному летательному аппарату как психологическому ресурсу повышения надежности и эффективности деятельности. Обсуждаются свойства современной техники, которые способствуют возможности использования социально-психологического понятия доверия по отношению к техническим системам, в том числе и беспилотным летательным аппаратам. Показано важное значение доверия оператора при принятии решения о переходах от автоматического режима управления к ручному в неопределенных и сложных ситуациях. Приводятся данные исследований, подтверждающие роль доверия технике как психологического ресурса обеспечения эффективности операторской деятельности, которые, по мнению авторов статьи, применимы и к беспилотному летательному аппарату. The article is devoted to substantiating of trust of the operator to the unmanned aerial vehicle as a psychological resource for increasing the reliability and efficiency of activities. The properties of modern equipment that contribute to the possibility of using the socio-psychological concept of trust in relation to technical systems, including unmanned aerial vehicles, are discussed. The importance of operator’s trust when making a decision to switch from automatic to manual control mode in uncertain and complex situations is shown. Research data are presented that confirm the role of trust of the operator to the equipment as a psychological resource for ensuring the effectiveness of operator activity. These data, according to the authors of the article, are applicable to an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Influence of different types of loads on quality of spatial orientation and operator activity of operators of an aviation profile

The positive experience of using modern aviation complexes is repeatedly confirmed by their increasing participation in the solution of many combat and transport tasks. The aircraft equipment in system «pilot - plane - environment», continues to be improved, and possibilities of operators of an aviation profile remain at the same level. This discrepancy requires the experts of aviation medicine to search for new approaches to rising of fastness of a human body to the impact of aggressive air flight factors. It is known that the violation of spatial orientation continues to remain a current problem of flight safety and it accounts for 5 to 14% of all aviation incidents. The preventive events held within the last several decades do not lead to a qualitative solution to this problem. The process of spatial orientation is a complex multi-sensory type of perception, the main input channels of information for which are vestibular and visual analyzers. Research is quality of a training of spatial orientation lasting 10 days at the statokinetic, optokinetic and combined types of influence is investigated. It is established that the most effective type of a training is the combined stato-optokinetic influence, leading to the greatest improvement, as qualities of spatial orientation, so and qualities of performance of operator activity. To achieve sustainable improvement of these qualities it is necessary to conduct training for at least 9 days.

METHODOLOGY IN ASSESSMENT OF OPERATOR ACTIVITY IN MAN-MACHINE SYSTEMS

In the paper the methodology in the assessment of operator activities in man-machine systems is offered. The approach offered is directed to the solution of the contradiction between the definition of qualifying requirements to operator activity in indices of its quality and existing methods ensuring the assessment of the functional efficiency of activity. The indices of the quality assessment of operator activity and charac-teristics of qualifying requirements for operators of “man-machine” systems are defined. In the paper there is shown a structural chart of a program complex for the assessment of operator activity quality. Methods of a statistical modeling suitable for the solution of the problem of accuracy increase in the assessment of operator activities quality are considered. Basic requirements and assumptions used in the course of the formation of a model of the operator activity and assessment of its quality are defined. The assessments of quality indices of operator activity obtained on the model can be specified using various procedures increasing the efficiency of statistical method modeling. A statistical modeling allows imitating the activity processes actually without limitation of the amount of factors taken into account and without demanding the presentation of inves-tigated dependences in an actual view regarding a desired variable. A variety of used in practice indices and methods of their assessment is determined first of all by a varied structure of existing kinds of operator activity and their purposefulness.