Traceability of Volatile Organic Compounds from Hypericum perforatum in Fresh and Dried Form and in Essential Oil

Microextraction in solid phase from headspace and GC-MS analysis was the method of studying the flowers of Hypericum perforatum in fresh and dry form.The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation was also analyzed by GC-MS. Identification of the substances was made by comparison of mass spectra with NIST library and standard alkanes were used for the calculation of the linear retention index. The identified compounds were grouped into classes of substances: monoterpene hydrocarbons, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, non-terpene hydrocarbons. The main common constituents were as follows: caryophyllene, β-ocimene, α-pinene, β-pinene, octane-2-methyl. The abundance of the majority compounds, common to the three forms of the plant: essential oil,fresh, and dried plants, was compared.

GC-MS ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE CONSTITUENTS OF JASMINE FLOWER

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) the best technique to identified the compounds of essential oils by comparison of mass spectra data obtained from the sample with that taken from pure commercially available standards injected under the same conditions. To characterize the chemical constituents of Hibiscus Flower using GC-MS, the shade dried flower powder was extracted with methanol by using Microwave-assisted Hydrodistillation (MAHD). The GC-MS analysis provided different peaks determining the presence of ten compounds. These compounds havebiological activity namely 2-Phenylthiolane (57.31%), Cyclohexene, 3-ethenyl- (25.91%), Acetaldehyde (12.70%), N-Methylallylamine (9.99%), ropanamide (6.79%) and Phthalic acid, bis (7-methyloctyl) ester (5.21%). From the results, it can be concluded that Jasmine flower extract shows the presence of 10 phytocompounds. The presence of various bioactive compounds justifies the use of the jasmine flower for various ailments by traditional practitioners.

Halogenated volatiles from the fungusGeniculosporiumand the actinomyceteStreptomyces chartreusis

Two unidentified chlorinated volatilesXandYwere detected in headspace extracts of the fungusGeniculosporium. Their mass spectra pointed to the structures of a chlorodimethoxybenzene forXand a dichlorodimethoxybenzene forY. The mass spectra of some constitutional isomers forXandYwere included in our databases and proved to be very similar, thus preventing a full structural assignment. For unambiguous structure elucidation all possible constitutional isomers forXandYwere obtained by synthesis or from commercial suppliers. Comparison of mass spectra and GC retention times rigorously established the structures of the two chlorinated volatiles. Chlorinated volatiles are not very widespread, but brominated or even iodinated volatiles are even more rare. Surprisingly, headspace extracts fromStreptomyces chartreusiscontained methyl 2-iodobenzoate, a new natural product that adds to the small family of iodinated natural products.