Method for analisis of the structure and properties of regenerated polimer fibrous filter for thin cleaning of airl

Stricter requirements for the quality and reliability of manufactured products, as well as the need to increase the service life of machines, mechanisms and various devices, the operation of which is associated with the use of liquid or gas-air media, is the reason for the emergence of new and improvement of traditional methods for obtaining filter materials with higher performance characteristics. A method for a comprehensive analysis of the properties of regenerated filter materials for fine air purification is proposed. The overwhelming majority of filters, after their service life is exhausted, cannot be regenerated, since this, as a rule, is associated with high energy costs. At the same time, the development of methods for such regeneration is quite relevant from the point of view of resource conservation. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to use a number of physical research methods for the purpose of a comprehensive analysis of polymeric fibrous filter materials for air purification that have undergone regeneration. Filtration materials obtained by the «melt-blowing» method from polymer granules by processing the granulate in an extruder, aerodynamic spraying of the melt and the formation of a fibrous-porous layer on a forming mandrel were selected for research. The main filtration characteristics of the original and regenerated filter materials (breakthrough coefficient, aerodynamic drag),as well as the electrophysical properties of the primary and secondary filter materials, the presence of a spontaneous electret charge have been investigated. The main stages of regeneration and evaluation of physicochemical, mechanical and operational properties of fibrous-porous materials that have undergone secondary thermo-aerodynamic processing in comparison with the original ones are described. It is shown that the studied materials retain their basic properties, while the structure of the fibers changes and the electret effect is enhanced.

Электретный эффект в композитах полимер-сегнетопьезокерамика с различной электроотрицательностью полимерной матрицы и катионов пьезофазы

The influence of the electronegativity of phases, which is controlled by composite crystallization under the conditions of the effect of the electric discharge and covalence of piezophase cations, on the formation mechanism of the stable electret effect is determined. The specific features of the formation of the electret effect in composites based on polyolefins (HDPE, PP), fluorine-containing polymers (F42), and ferroelectric piezoelectric ceramics of the family of lead zirconate–titanate (Pb(Zr,Ti)O_3) crystallized under conditions of the effect of electric discharge plasma, are revealed. A physical model of electret composites taking into account the role of homocharges and heterocharges formed in a composite by its dispersion with piezoceramic particles of various structures—rhombohedral, tetragonal, and heterogeneous—is proposed.