The Phenomenon of Bilingualism in Slovakia

The present chapter deals with the phenomenon of bilingualism in Slovakia in general and the concept of so-called intentional bilingualism in particular. This approach has been gaining popularity and has been implemented in monolingual countries of Europe, with the Slovak Republic being no exception. Several studies on successful implementation of intentional bilingualism in monolingual settings in Slovakia have been published in the literature. First, the theoretical background is presented and the relevant literature is reviewed. Intentional bilingualism is defined, the forms of bilingualism in Slovakia are depicted, possible benefits of bilingualism and some prejudices against it, as well as methods of bilingual upbringing in families, are described. The subsequent research part presents a narrative family case study on intentional bilingualism. The bilingual upbringing of a child in a monolingual culture is described and conclusions are outlined.

Control of Elderly Hypertension with Merona Program

Hypertension is a silent killer is the most common health problem experienced by the elderly. Control of hypertension in the elderly is very necessary to reduce complications of hypertension. Based on these conditions, the MERONA Program was developed. The purpose is to provide an overview of the implementation of the blush program in the elderly with hypertension. The method used is a family case study and an aggregate using a family and community nursing process approach involving 10 foster families and 60 elderly people in the community selected using cluster random sampling. This program is an integration of hypertension self-management and relaxation therapy, namely music therapy, progressive muscle relaxation, and deep breathing relaxation which is carried out for 12 weeks. Evaluation of changes in behavior and family independence was carried out at the end of the 12th week using a questionnaire. Blood pressure measurements were carried out at weeks 4, 8, and 12. The results of the implementation were an increase in the behavior of the elderly, an increase in the level of family independence, and a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p<0.05). The MERONA program is recommended to be applied in community health services.

Clinical and Biological Characteristics of Congenital Hypothyroidism: A Family Case Study

Hypothyroidism is the condition of thyroid hormone deficiency. It can be primary or acquired. Primary hypothyroidism can be congenital or late onset. The symptoms of congenital hypothyroidism may go unnoticed in newborns if undiagnosed. Untreated, hypothyroidism can lead to poor mental and intellectual development in children. Hypothyroidism’s clinical manifestations are often subtle or not present at birth. Common symptoms include decreased activity and increased sleep, feeding difficulty, and constipation. On examination, common signs include myxoedematous facies, large fontanels, macroglossia, a distended abdomen with umbilical hernia, and hypotonia. Levothyroxine is the treatment of choice. In general, the prognosis is excellent when this condition is detected by screening and started on treatment early.

COVID INFECTION DURING THE SECOND PANDEMIC WAVE: PHYSICIAN INSIGHTS AND LEARNINGS FROM A FAMILY CASE STUDY

The COVID pandemic has made a more rigorous comeback in 2021 with severely impactful second waves in many countries especially India. In contrast to the previous year, in the second wave the younger population and entire families have been affected at a given time. Medical management by the family physician involves not only individual treatment and monitoring, but also guiding the family as a whole on many related aspects. COVID family care is one of the cornerstones of the pandemic, and can present with unique challenges, differential symptomatology and clinical course, and multifaceted problems to the physician. Apart from treating the disease itself, the physician’s expanded role also involves advising the family on holistic health and well-being, isolation and household hygiene, available support services, along with stress management and psychological counseling. Sharing of insights and learnings from such situations can add value towards a more effective approach to COVID family care.

The Offspring Absence Factor Divorce Runs in the Family (Case Study at the Religious Court Medan in 2020)

Divorce is the end of a marriage. Divorce is a break in the relationship between husband and wife. Every married couple must have their ways to prevent a divorce from happening. Divorce is always based on quarrels between husband and wife. This is the reason that a dispute between husband and wife occurs because one of the parties wants a divorce, therefore the family relationship is not harmonious. Offspring who are not present in the household is very important, apart from being the successor of the heir, children are also the goal of a harmonious household, especially if certain tribes or customs require an offspring to be the successor of the family name. In this case, the applicant and the defendant both did not want to adopt a child, so they decided to divorce at Religious Court Medan