Polonnaruwa Stones Revisited – Evidence for Non-Terrestrial Life

Recent discoveries of highly porous low-density carbonaceous asteroids such as 101955 Bennu and Ryugu have motivated a re-examination of the Polonnaruwa stones which fell in central Sri Lanka on 27 December 2012 following a fireball sighting. Previous discoveries of biological entities including fossilized extinct microorganisms (acritarchs) have tended to be discounted as contaminants for the reason that the stones did not fit into a known meteorite category. In view of the new data from space exploration we re-examine samples of the Polonnaruwa stones and confirm earlier evidence for the existence of diatom frustules and other complex biology.

Intelligent Messages in Bacterial DNA – a Sequel to SETI?

It is proposed that the future trajectory of SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) and our exploration of alien planets and alien intelligence could be to consider the possibility of receiving and transmitting coded messages embedded as DNA inserts in bacteria and/or viruses. Physical space-travel and ambitions of space colonisation may well give way to a new era of “cultural” microbial colonisation of our galaxy.

Neopanspermia – Evidence That Life Continuously Arrives at the Earth from Space

The theory of panspermia in a variety of forms remains an important theory to account for the origin of life on Earth and possibly also on other planetary bodies orbiting the “habitable zones” of stars. A form of panspermia we review here, that can be called neopanspermia, encapsulates the concept that a continuing infall of microbiota from space contributes both to the inception of life on Earth and its subsequent evolution. We discuss the development of the theory of panspermia and show how, over the past decade, we have used balloon-borne samplers (lofted to heights approaching 30km) to isolate unusual Biological Entities (BEs) which, we maintain, are continuously arriving at the Earth from space. These BEs are carbon-based, show bilateral symmetry, contain DNA and are in the range 10-40 micrometres in dimension. Their sizes are an order of magnitude higher than par-ticles (including bacteria and viruses) of terrestrial origin that are normally recovered in the strato-sphere. The fact that Earth-organisms (e.g. pollen grains, grass-shards and fungal spores) have not been found in our samples provides additional evidence that the isolated BEs originate from space and are of extraterrestrial provenance. We propose that such incoming microorganisms led to the emergence of life on the primitive Earth between 3.83 and 4 billion years ago and thereafter have continuously contributed to its evolution.

The Radiation-Dominated Universe in Nonstandard Cosmology

We continue the recent study of our model theory of low-density cosmology without dark matter. We assume a purely radiative spherically symmetric background and treat matter as anisotropic perturbations. Einstein’s equations for the background are solved numerically. We find two irregular singular points, one is the Big Bang and the other a Big Crunch. The radiation temperature continues to decrease for another 0.21 Hubble times and then starts to increase towards infinity. Then we derive the four evolution equations for the anisotropic perturbations. In the Regge- Wheeler gauge there are three metric perturbations and a radial velocity perturbation. The solution of these equations allow a detailed discussion of the cosmic evolution of the model universe under study.

Microorganisms in the Clouds of Venus

The beginnings of a theory of Venusian aerobiology were developed by us as early as 1982 and published in a monograph from which an extract is reproduced here. The reprinted form of this material with new annotations would be of use to modern investigators who are revisiting these ideas.