scholarly journals Community Supports After Surviving Extremely Low-Birth-Weight, Extremely Preterm Birth

2008 ◽  
Vol 162 (8) ◽  
pp. 748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan R. Hintz
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Community Supports ◽  
Extremely Preterm Birth

DNA methylation profiles in adults born at extremely low birth weight

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Karen J. Mathewson ◽  
Patrick O. McGowan ◽  
Wilfred C. de Vega ◽  
Ryan J. Van Lieshout ◽  
Katherine M. Morrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Extremely Preterm Birth

Abstract Effects of stresses associated with extremely preterm birth may be biologically “recorded” in the genomes of individuals born preterm via changes in DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns. Genome-wide DNAm profiles were examined in buccal epithelial cells from 45 adults born at extremely low birth weight (ELBW; ≤1000 g) in the oldest known cohort of prospectively followed ELBW survivors (Mage = 32.35 years, 17 male), and 47 normal birth weight (NBW; ≥2500 g) control adults (Mage = 32.43 years, 20 male). Sex differences in DNAm profiles were found in both birth weight groups, but they were greatly enhanced in the ELBW group (77,895 loci) versus the NBW group (3,424 loci), suggesting synergistic effects of extreme prenatal adversity and sex on adult DNAm profiles. In men, DNAm profiles differed by birth weight group at 1,354 loci on 694 unique genes. Only two loci on two genes distinguished between ELBW and NBW women. Gene ontology (GO) and network analyses indicated that loci differentiating between ELBW and NBW men were abundant in genes within biological pathways related to neuronal development, synaptic transportation, metabolic regulation, and cellular regulation. Findings suggest increased sensitivity of males to long-term epigenetic effects of extremely preterm birth. Group differences are discussed in relation to particular gene functions.

scholarly journals Microstructural Measures of the Inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus Predict Later Cognitive and Language Development in Infants Born With Extremely Low Birth Weight

2021 ◽  
pp. 088307382110198
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Bugada ◽  
Julia E. Kline ◽  
Nehal A. Parikh
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus

Objective: Extremely preterm children are at high risk for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Identifying predictors of discrete developmental outcomes early in life would allow for targeted neuroprotective therapies when neuroplasticity is at its peak. Our goal was to examine whether diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) metrics of the inferior longitudinal and uncinate fasciculi early in life could predict later cognitive and language outcomes. Study Design: In this pilot study, 43 extremely low-birth-weight preterm infants were scanned using diffusion MRI at term-equivalent age. White matter tracts were assessed via diffusion tensor imaging metrics of fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity. The Language and Cognitive subscale scores of the Bayley Scales of Infant & Toddler Development-III at 18-22 months corrected age were our outcomes of interest. Multiple linear regression models were created to assess diffusion metrics of the inferior longitudinal and uncinate fasciculi as predictors of Bayley scores. We controlled for brain injury score on structural MRI, maternal education, birth weight, and age at MRI scan. Results: Of the 43 infants, 36 infants had high-quality diffusion tensor imaging and returned for developmental testing. The fractional anisotropy of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus was associated with Bayley-III scores in univariate analyses and was an independent predictor of Bayley-III cognitive and language development over and above known predictors in multivariable analyses. Conclusions: Incorporating new biomarkers such as the fractional anisotropy of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus with structural MRI findings could enhance accuracy of neurodevelopment predictive models. Additional research is needed to validate our findings in a larger cohort.

scholarly journals Pregnancy Outcome during the First COVID 19 Lockdown in Vienna, Austria

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3782
Author(s):  
Sylvia Kirchengast ◽  
Beda Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Gestational Length ◽  
Live Births

The COVID 19 pandemic represents a major stress factor for non-infected pregnant women. Although maternal stress during pregnancy increases the risk of preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction, an increasing number of studies yielded no negative effects of COVID 19 lockdowns on pregnancy outcome. The present study focused on pregnancy outcome during the first COVID 19 lockdown phase in Austria. In particular, it was hypothesized that the national lockdown had no negative effects on birth weight, low birth weight rate and preterm birth rate. In a retrospective medical record-based single center study, the outcome of 669 singleton live births in Vienna Austria during the lockdown phase between March and July 2020 was compared with the pregnancy outcome of 277 live births at the same hospital during the pre-lockdown months of January and February 2020 and, in addition, with the outcome of 28,807 live births between 2005 and 2019. The rate of very low gestational age was significantly lower during the lockdown phase than during the pre-lockdown phase. The rate of low gestational age, however, was slightly higher during the lockdown phase. Mean birth weight was significantly higher during the lockdown phase; the rates of low birth weight, very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight were significantly lower during the lockdown phase. In contrast, maternal gestational weight gain was significantly higher during the lockdown phase. The stressful lockdown phase in Austria seems to have no negative affect on gestational length and newborn weight among non-infected mothers.

scholarly journals Behavior Disorders in Extremely Preterm/Extremely Low Birth Weight Children in Kindergarten

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan N. Scott ◽  
H. Gerry Taylor ◽  
Mary A. Fristad ◽  
Nancy Klein ◽  
Kimberly Andrews Espy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Behavior Disorders ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Low Birth Weight Children

Visual Processing in Adolescents Born Extremely Low Birth Weight and/or Extremely Preterm

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. e704-e712 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Molloy ◽  
M. Wilson-Ching ◽  
V. A. Anderson ◽  
G. Roberts ◽  
P. J. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Extremely Preterm

Attention Problems in a Representative Sample of Extremely Preterm/Extremely Low Birth Weight Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Anderson ◽  
Cinzia R. De Luca ◽  
Esther Hutchinson ◽  
Megan M. Spencer-Smith ◽  
Gehan Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Low Birth Weight Children

scholarly journals Comparison of physical activity and body compA validated question from the osition in a cohort of children born extremely preterm or with extremely low birth weight to matched term-born controls: a follow-up study

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Engan ◽  
Maria Vollsæter ◽  
Knut Øymar ◽  
Trond Markestad ◽  
Geir Egil Eide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Extremely Preterm

ObjectivesTo compare physical activity and body composition in a cohort of children born extremely preterm/extremely low birth weight (EP/ELBW) with term-born (TB) controls.MethodsA regional cohort of children born during 1999–2000 at gestational age <28 weeks or with birth weight <1000 g and their individually matched TB controls were examined in 2010–2011. Information on physical activity was obtained from parental questionnaires, and body composition was determined by anthropometry and dual X-ray absorptiometry.ResultsFifty-seven EP/ELBW and 57 TB controls were included at a mean age of 11.6 years. Compared with the TB children, the EP/ELBW-born children exercised less often (22% vs 44% exercised more than 3 days per week), had lower physical endurance and poorer proficiency in sports and play and were less vigorous during exercise (p<0.05). They also had lower values (mean; 95 % CI) for muscle mass (0.9; 0.3–1.5 kg), total bone mineral density z-score (0.30; 0.13–0.52 units) and fat mass ratio (0.14; 0.06–0.21 units). The association between physical activity and bone mineral and skeletal muscle mass accrual was significantly weaker for the EP/ELBW-born than the TB children.ConclusionsThe EP/ELBW-born children were less physically active, had signs of an unfavourable body composition with less muscle mass and lower bone mineral density than the TB controls. The association between physical activity and the measures of body composition was weaker in the group of EP/ELBW-born children.

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