Higher-Order Multifetal Pregnancy

2016 ◽  
pp. 102-103
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Multifetal Pregnancy

Grief in Multifetal Death

1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Kay Sainsbury
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Unique Feature ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Large Percentage ◽  
Multiple Births ◽  
Grieving Process ◽  
Grief Process ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Multifetal Pregnancy

AbstractThe grief process is examined within the framework of multifetal pregnancy in a variety of demise situations. The case studies examined were obtained from approximately 120 lettere and interviews with families predominantly of higher order multiple births, who have experienced either partial or total loss in their pregnancy or afterwards. Objective and subjective factors were addressed. Results indicate the steps of the grief response are worked through in the same order as a singleton demise, but differ in intensity, duration, and frequency, depending on the individual circumstances, type of loss, gestational age, and the parents' backgrounds, expectations and beliefs. A unique feature discovered is that the entire grieving process, from shock through acceptance, appears to be completely experienced twice, with a large percentage of parents experiencing all of the stages three or more times. The general conclusion of the study is that the grieving pattern in multifetal death indeed follows a cycle and pattern of its own and requires special considerations.

scholarly journals Safety and Efficacy of Higher Order Multifetal Pregnancy Reduction: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. e228-e233
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Xie Tong Wang ◽  
Hong Yan Li ◽  
Hai Yan Hou ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Multifetal Pregnancy ◽  
Multifetal Pregnancy Reduction

Abstract Objective This research was aimed to study the safety and efficacy of higher order multifetal pregnancy reduction (MFPR). Study Design This was a retrospective study of patients from an academic maternity center between 2005 and 2015. We evaluated outcomes of 131 consecutive patients who underwent higher order MFPR (quadruplets and greater). MFPR was performed at 11 to 18 weeks of gestation in all cases. In total, 122 of 131 cases of higher order multiple pregnancy were reduced to twins. We discuss the perinatal outcomes of patients who underwent higher order MFPR, followed by a comparative analysis between the 122 cases of MFPR that were reduced to twins and 101 cases of nonreduced twin pregnancies. Results The study included 104 sets of quadruplets, 20 sets of quintuplets, 5 sets of sextuplets, 1 set of septuplets, and 1 set of octuplets. The perinatal outcomes of the 131 cases were as follows: pregnancy loss, preterm deliveries at 28 to 33 (+6/7) weeks, and preterm deliveries at 34 to 36 (+6/7) weeks occurred in 23.66, 9, and 37% of cases, respectively. The mean time of delivery was 36.56 ± 1.77 weeks, and mean birth weight was 2,409.90 ± 458.16 g, respectively. A total of 122 cases that were reduced to twins were compared with nonreduced twins. The pregnancy loss rate for reduced twins was significantly higher than that for nonreduced twins. The preterm labor rate, mean delivery week, mean birth weight, birth-weight discordance, incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus, and pregnancy-induced hypertension were not significantly different between the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion Perinatal outcomes were significantly improved by reducing the number of fetuses in higher order multifetal pregnancies. This study involved a large, diverse sample population, and the results can be used as a reference while conducting prenatal counseling.

Prediction of patients with higher order multifetal pregnancy at risk for postpartum pulmonary edema

1998 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuhiko Masue ◽  
Hiroyuki Shimonaka ◽  
Etsuji Terazawa ◽  
Izumi Fukao ◽  
Kiyoshi Nagase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Multifetal Pregnancy

Management and multifetal pregnancy reduction of higher-order multifetal pregnancy with monochorionic twin pairs

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
O. V. Pribushenya¹ ◽  
S. A. Kotova² ◽  
V. I. Rybakova ◽  
I. S. Tsybovsky
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Monochorionic Twin ◽  
Multifetal Pregnancy ◽  
Multifetal Pregnancy Reduction

Dual systems for all: Higher-order, role-based relational reasoning as a uniquely derived feature of human cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Reasoning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Important Case ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Relational Reasoning ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Role Based

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.

Quantitative EPMA of nitrogen : A tricky element in the electron-probe microanalyzer

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1622-1623
Author(s):  
G.F. Bastin ◽  
H.J.M. Heijligers
Keyword(s):  
Background Subtraction ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Light Elements ◽  
Strong Suppression ◽  
Electron Probe Microanalyzer ◽  
Quantitative Epma ◽  
Peak Count ◽  
Lead Stearate

Among the ultra-light elements B, C, N, and O nitrogen is the most difficult element to deal with in the electron probe microanalyzer. This is mainly caused by the severe absorption that N-Kα radiation suffers in carbon which is abundantly present in the detection system (lead-stearate crystal, carbonaceous counter window). As a result the peak-to-background ratios for N-Kα measured with a conventional lead-stearate crystal can attain values well below unity in many binary nitrides . An additional complication can be caused by the presence of interfering higher-order reflections from the metal partner in the nitride specimen; notorious examples are elements such as Zr and Nb. In nitrides containing these elements is is virtually impossible to carry out an accurate background subtraction which becomes increasingly important with lower and lower peak-to-background ratios. The use of a synthetic multilayer crystal such as W/Si (2d-spacing 59.8 Å) can bring significant improvements in terms of both higher peak count rates as well as a strong suppression of higher-order reflections.

Effects of Higher-Order Laue Zone reflections on structure images

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 450-451
Author(s):  
H. S. Kim ◽  
S. S. Sheinin
Keyword(s):  
Wave Vector ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Reciprocal Lattice ◽  
Image Plane ◽  
Bloch Wave ◽  
Dynamical Theory ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Lattice Image ◽  
Lattice Vector ◽  
Image Position

The importance of image simulation in interpreting experimental lattice images is well established. Normally, in carrying out the required theoretical calculations, only zero order Laue zone reflections are taken into account. In this paper we assess the conditions for which this procedure is valid and indicate circumstances in which higher order Laue zone reflections may be important. Our work is based on an analysis of the requirements for obtaining structure images i.e. images directly related to the projected potential. In the considerations to follow, the Bloch wave formulation of the dynamical theory has been used.The intensity in a lattice image can be obtained from the total wave function at the image plane is given by: where ϕg(z) is the diffracted beam amplitide given by In these equations,the z direction is perpendicular to the entrance surface, g is a reciprocal lattice vector, the Cg(i) are Fourier coefficients in the expression for a Bloch wave, b(i), X(i) is the Bloch wave excitation coefficient, ϒ(i)=k(i)-K, k(i) is a Bloch wave vector, K is the electron wave vector after correction for the mean inner potential of the crystal, T(q) and D(q) are the transfer function and damping function respectively, q is a scattering vector and the summation is over i=l,N where N is the number of beams taken into account.

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