In the work, microstructures formed in the combustion wave of the Ni-Al system with hardening additives of high-temperature ceramic particles consisting of titanium diboride and corundum were studied. Microstructures and shapes vary depending on the content of ceramic additives in the NiAl matrix. Particles of TiB2 take the most diverse elementary forms, such as bars, plates, herringbones, regular cubic structures and cuboids. These results outline a real-time strategy of self-assembly processes to create diversified microstructures. Some grains of titanium diboride 2-5 m in size are embedded in corundum clusters, and a small number of TiB2 particles are dispersed in the NiAl matrix. It is assumed that the higher the content of reinforcing additives, the more uniform the distribution of the ceramic skeleton will be present in the NiAl matrix.