The reaction engineering of the anionic polymerization of isoprene

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1589-1599 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Chang ◽  
A. F. Halasa ◽  
J. W. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Anionic Polymerization ◽  
Reaction Engineering

scholarly journals Structural Investigation: Anionic Polymerization of Acrylamide under Microwave Irradiation using Maghnite-Na+ Clay (Algerien MMT) as Initiator

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkader Rahmouni ◽  
Mohammed Belbachir ◽  
Molkheir Ayat
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Anionic Polymerization ◽  
Structural Investigation ◽  
Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Reaction Engineering ◽  
Purchase Price ◽  
Similar Composition ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Anionic Polyacrylamide

Intercalation of acrylamide into interlayer spaces of natural  montmorillonite called maghnite (Algerian MMT) by the free solvent polymerization technique under micowave irradiation was studied. The transformation was carried out with using both the raw (Maghnite-Na fin) and treated clay (Maghnite-Na+ fin) in aqueous sodium hydroxide NaOH solution (1 M). It was shown that no initial modification of the layered mineral (by ion-exchange with Na+ cations or organophilization) is needed for the successful introduction of anionic hydrogels into the interlayer gallery. The goal of the present study was to synthesis anionic polyacrylamide/Maghnite composite with similar composition and structure to that synthesized of other catalyst. The Maghnite catalyst has a significant role in the industrial scale. In fact, the use of Maghnite is preferred for its many advantages: a very low purchase price compared to other catalysts, the easy removal of the reaction mixture. The anionic sodium-clay polyacrylamide material exhibited a tendency to the formation of exfoliated structure. The synthesized hydrogels, as monitored by the swelling behavior, were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and 1HNMR analysis. Copyright © 2018 BCREC Group. All rights reservedReceived: 24th June 2017; Revised: 13rd December 2017; Accepted: 14th December 2017; Available online: 11st June 2018; Published regularly: 1st August 2018How to Cite: Rahmouni, R., Belbachir, M., Ayat, M. (2018). Structural Investigation: Anionic Polymerization of Acrylamide under Microwave Irradiation using Maghnite-Na+ Clay (Algerien MMT) as Initiator. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 13 (2): 262-274 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.13.2.1308.262-274) 

The anionic polymerization of cyanogen

1966 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Peška ◽  
M. J. Beneš ◽  
O. Wichterle
Keyword(s):  
Anionic Polymerization

Mechanism of the propagation step in the anionic polymerization of styrene

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1047-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Kašpar ◽  
Jiří Trekoval
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Induction Period ◽  
Anionic Polymerization ◽  
Reactive Intermediate ◽  
Coordination Polymerization ◽  
Kinetic Dependence ◽  
Mathematical Solution ◽  
Slow Reaction

The paper is dealing with an investigation of the kinetic dependence of the propagation step in the anionic coordination polymerization of styrene in benzene at 303 K with "living" oligostyryllithium as initiator at the onset of the reaction. A short but distinct induction period was found, indicating a preceding slow reaction leading to the formation of a reactive intermediate, which behaves as the initiator of the reaction. Using results obtained in the first paper of this series, a new mechanism of propagation has been suggested, the mathematical solution of which is correlated with experimental data.

Kinetic Modelling of Anionic Polymerization Involving a Dynamic Equilibrium between Two Growth Centres with Different Growth Rates

1993 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 2349-2361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaromír Jakeš
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Anionic Polymerization ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Polymerization Time ◽  
Fast State ◽  
Growth State ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Growth Centres

Kinetic modelling of the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of polymer obtained by an anionic polymerization with two types of growth centres in a dynamic equilibrium, having different growth rates and lifetimes comparable to the polymerization time, was made for low monomer conversions. On the basis of distribution of the growth centres according to the total time spent in the fast growth state, it was shown that MWD of the resulting polymer are mostly bimodal at the beginning of the polymerization and change to unimodal MWD at sufficiently high polymerization degrees depending on the equilibrization rate. When all centres are in the fast state in the beginning, MWD are essentially unimodal throughout. A hint of trimodality is observed in some cases, in an extent hardly detectable in real chromatograms. Hence, a polymodal MWD can be explained only when more than two growth centres with different growth rates are assumed.

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