Improvement of interface interaction and conductive anodic filament resistance through amphiphilic oligomeric silane

Abstract Conductive anodic filament (CAF) formation is a mechanism caused by an electrochemical migration of metals from a metal trace in ICs or in PCBs. This is commonly caused by the moisture build-up in the affected metal terminals in an IC package or PC board caused by critical temperature, high humidity and high voltage gradients conditions. This phenomenon is known to have caused catastrophic field failures on various OEMs electronic components in the past [1,7]. Most published articles on CAF described the formation of the filament in a lateral formation through the glass fiber interfaces between two adjacent metal planes [1-6, 8-12]. One common example is the CAF formation seen between PTH (Plated through Hole) in the laminated substrate with two different potentials causing shorts [1-6, 8-12]. In this paper, the Cu filament grows in a vertical fashion (z-axis formation) creating a vertical plane shorts between the upper and lower metal terminals in a laminated IC package substrate. The copper growth migration does not follow the fiber strands laterally or vertically through them. Instead, it grows through the stress created gaps between the impregnated carbon epoxy fillers from the upper metal trace to the lower metal trace with two different potentials, between the glass fibers. This vertical CAF mechanism creates a low resistive short that was sometimes found to be intermittent in nature. This paper presents some successful failure analysis approaches used to isolate and detect the failure locations for this type of failing devices. This paper also exposes the unique physical appearance of the vertical CAF formation.

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Evaluating the Effect of Conformal Coatings in Reducing the Rate of Conductive Anodic Filament Formation

10.21236/ada389750 ◽

2001 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Laura J. Turbini ◽

Stuart R. Stock

Keyword(s):

Filament Formation ◽

Conductive Anodic Filament ◽

Conformal Coatings

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Interface Interaction as a Factor of Dielectric Properties of Epoxy-based Composites with Graphite Nanoplatelets

Journal of Nano- and Electronic Physics ◽

10.21272/jnep.11(2).02032 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 02032-1-02032-5

Author(s):

O. S. Yakovenko ◽

◽

L. Yu. Matzui ◽

Yu. S. Perets ◽

L. L. Vovchenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dielectric Properties ◽

Graphite Nanoplatelets ◽

Interface Interaction

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Dual-Layer MOF Composite Membranes with Rationally Tuned Interface Interaction for Post-Combustion CO 2 Separation

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3482153 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sameh Elsaidi ◽

Surendar Venna ◽

Mona H. Mohamed ◽

Michael Gipple ◽

David Hopkinson

Keyword(s):

Composite Membranes ◽

Interface Interaction

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Ballistic performance of composite structure configurations with high elongation calendered rubber layer laminated to AA5083-H112 aluminum alloy

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part L Journal of Materials Design and Applications ◽

10.1177/14644207211014548 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 146442072110145

Author(s):

Hasan Kasım

Keyword(s):

Adhesion Strength ◽

Laminated Composite ◽

Composite Plates ◽

Front Face ◽

Laminated Composite Plates ◽

Ballistic Performance ◽

Rubber Layer ◽

Interface Interaction ◽

Metal Rubber ◽

High Elongation

This study aims to determine the ballistic performances of laminated composite plates produced with AA5083-H112 series aluminum and rubber material with high elongation capacity under impact loading. To investigate the effect of rubber compounds, two types of rubber with calendered and damping were prepared. Thanks to the surface treatment applied to the aluminum plates, the rubber–metal adhesion strength was adjusted, and four different laminated composite plate samples were prepared. Calendered rubber was used on the bullet impact surface of all samples, and damping rubber was used on the back. It has been observed that the pressure barrier created by the calendered rubber bullet on the front face provides high performance to absorb energy. A detailed study was carried out on the total thickness of laminated composite plates, the interface adhesion strength between rubber and aluminum layers, and the ballistic performance of aluminum-rubber combinations. It was concluded that the laminated composite plate’s energy absorption would increase, especially by increasing the thickness of the dumping rubber layer on the back of the aluminum sheets. In the strong metal-rubber interface interaction between the rubber and aluminum layer, the bullet is stopped before the pressure barrier is formed. The penetration depth and bulging height increase, and most of the energy are transmitted through the aluminum plate. In the weak metal-rubber interface interaction, a significant portion of the energy is absorbed by the rubber and air thanks to the pressure barrier.

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The Effect of Glycidyl Azide Polymer Grafted Tetrafunctional Isocyanate on Polytriazole Polyethylene Oxide-Tetrahydrofuran Elastomer and its Propellant Properties

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12020278 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 278 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jinghui Hu ◽

Weiqiang Tang ◽

Yonghui Li ◽

Jiyu He ◽

Xiaoyan Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Strength ◽

Polyethylene Oxide ◽

Mechanical Test ◽

Glycidyl Azide Polymer ◽

Interface Interaction ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Glycidyl Azide

A new energetic curing reagent, Glycidyl azide polymer grafted tetrafunctional isocyanate (N100-g-GAP) was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR and GPC approaches. Polytriazole polyethylene oxide-tetrahydrofuran (PTPET) elastomer was prepared by N100-g-GAP and alkynyl terminated polyethylene oxide-tetrahydrofuran (ATPET). The resulting PTPET elastomer was fully characterized by TGA, DMA, FTIR and mechanical test. The above analysis indicates that PTPET elastomers using N100-g-GAP as curing reagent have the potential for use in propellants. The overall formulation test of the composite propellants shows that this curing system can effectively enhance mechanical strength and bring a significant improvement in the interface interaction between the RDX & AP particles and binder matrix.

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The State of Speech in HCI: Trends, Themes and Challenges

Interacting with Computers ◽

10.1093/iwc/iwz016 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 349-371 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Leigh Clark ◽

Philip Doyle ◽

Diego Garaialde ◽

Emer Gilmartin ◽

Stephan Schlögl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Speech Production ◽

Thematic Analysis ◽

Design Work ◽

Wizard Of Oz ◽

Speech Interfaces ◽

Interface Interaction ◽

Multiple User ◽

Speech Interface ◽

User Attitudes ◽

In The Wild

AbstractSpeech interfaces are growing in popularity. Through a review of 99 research papers this work maps the trends, themes, findings and methods of empirical research on speech interfaces in the field of human–computer interaction (HCI). We find that studies are usability/theory-focused or explore wider system experiences, evaluating Wizard of Oz, prototypes or developed systems. Measuring task and interaction was common, as was using self-report questionnaires to measure concepts like usability and user attitudes. A thematic analysis of the research found that speech HCI work focuses on nine key topics: system speech production, design insight, modality comparison, experiences with interactive voice response systems, assistive technology and accessibility, user speech production, using speech technology for development, peoples’ experiences with intelligent personal assistants and how user memory affects speech interface interaction. From these insights we identify gaps and challenges in speech research, notably taking into account technological advancements, the need to develop theories of speech interface interaction, grow critical mass in this domain, increase design work and expand research from single to multiple user interaction contexts so as to reflect current use contexts. We also highlight the need to improve measure reliability, validity and consistency, in the wild deployment and reduce barriers to building fully functional speech interfaces for research.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTSMost papers focused on usability/theory-based or wider system experience research with a focus on Wizard of Oz and developed systems Questionnaires on usability and user attitudes often used but few were reliable or validated Thematic analysis showed nine primary research topics Challenges identified in theoretical approaches and design guidelines, engaging with technological advances, multiple user and in the wild contexts, critical research mass and barriers to building speech interfaces

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