The relationship between solid-liquid interface interaction and gelling capacity of h-BN 2D material: a rheological study

Diurea modified h-BN nanosheet is a novel kind of 2D gelator that could gel the lubricating oils under the stimulus of ultrasound. Morphological analyzations in previous study confirmed that the ultrasound induced layer-by-layer (LBL) structure of BN gelator is critical for the gelation. However, the elastic response in LBL structure, which is crucial for the formation of a stable gel system, has not been explicitly illustrated yet. The challenge is that the LBL gelator structure is based on 2D material and thus lacks vertical linkage between gelator layers, which is significantly different from the traditional gel systems that generally possess highly crosslinked gelator network. In this work, by investigating the viscoelastic behavior of the BN-based gel via rheometer, it is found the solid-liquid interface interaction, which is regulated by the diurea molecular structure in the BN gelator, is the key factor for triggering the stable elastic response in the LBL structure, and the elasticity mainly originates from the interface interaction induced bending deformation of h-BN 2D material. The findings further elucidate the gelling mechanism of BN gelators and enlighten the structure design of ultrasound-responsive gelator based on 2D materials.

INTERFACE INTERACTION OF THE BIM SOFTWARE WITH MS OFFICE

The paper examines the necessity and possibility of interface interaction of the information modeling program Revit Autodesk with the common office program MS Excel. Such interaction makes it easier to prepare project documentation in accordance with the requirements of Russian standards, GOST. An analysis of the capabilities of the built-in Revit tools for creating specifications and their design according to GOST requirements showed an insufficient level of automation of these processes. Ready-made foreign and Russian solutions in the field of Revit plugins that implement interaction with Excel have a number of disadvantages. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the capabilities of the application programming interface (API) for creating applications using the example of a developed software solution for automating the unloading of information from a BIM model into an Excel electronic document, in order to bring data presentation standards in line with GOST requirements. The application is developed using a tool environment: the C# programming language, the MS Visual Studio development environment, the WPF user interface creation tool, the Revit-side application programming interface .Net API, an interface for interacting with Excel ClosedXML files. As a result, the interface of the developed plugin is presented. The program allows you to export documents-statements and specifications - to Excel, designed according to the requirements of GOST. The user-friendly tab-based user interface, the compliance of the program design with the Revit system and the implemented functionality give the program advantages over its analogues. The application is available for free download to any Revit user, which is of practical importance.

Effect of Target Size, Location, and Input Method on Interaction in Immersive Virtual Reality

Although new virtual reality (VR) devices and their contents are actively being released, there are still not enough studies to prepare its interface/interaction standard. In this study, it was investigated whether specific interaction factors influenced task performance and the degree of virtual reality sickness when performing pointing tasks in immersive virtual reality. A smartphone-based VR device was used, and twenty-five targets were placed in a 5 × 5 layout on the VR experimental area that extended to a range similar to the human viewing angle. Task completion time (TCT) was significantly affected by target selection method (p < 0.001) and target size (p < 0.001), whereas the error rate (ER) significantly differed for the target selection method (p < 0.001) and not for the target size (p = 0.057). Target location was observed to be a factor affecting TCT (p < 0.001), but it did not affect the ER (p = 0.876). VR sickness was more severe when the target size was smaller. Gaze selection was found to be more efficient when accuracy is demanded, and manual selection is more efficient for quick selection. Moreover, applying these experimental data to Fitts’ Law showed that the movement time was found to be less affected by the device when using the gaze-selection method. Virtual reality provides a three-dimensional visual environment, but a one-dimensional formula can sufficiently predict the movement time. The result of this study is expected to be a reference for preparing interface/interaction design standards for virtual reality.

Interactive Optimization of 3D Interface Indigital Media

In order to improve the interaction performance between users and 3D interface in digital media, the optimization of 3D interface interaction in digital media is studied. Based on the results of ray tracing rendering of 3D visual interface, the optimization model of 3D interface interaction in digital media is constructed by taking the visual attention allocation of the final layout of man-machine interface in digital media as the objective function, and man-machine constraints are added into genetic algorithm. In the process of solving the model optimization problem, the genetic algorithm negates the gene that does not carry the man-machine constraint characteristics, and uses the particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize the genetic algorithm, so that the genetic algorithm can quickly obtain the optimal solution of the optimization model. The experimental results show that this method can improve the user’s gaze time for digital media software, and the user’s satisfaction with the use of the software is high.